1. The present and future of OLEDs

2. Organic OLED = Organic led

3. Organic electronics Traditional electronicsOrganic electronics Low cost (when technology is mature) Large surfaces possible Flexible - Stretchable Ecological - Sustainable Advanced technology Complex structures possible Limited dimensions

4. Applications (Source: oe-a) Intelligent packaging Low environmental impact Extreme low cost (Source: Holst Centre) Organic PV Flexible Potentially cheap Can be made transparent

5. Source: LG OLED Displays Will be cheaper compared to LCD Low energy consumption due to direct emission (no backlight) Broad color gamut, high contrast, … Applications

6. OLEDs for lighting 100mm 1mm OLED LED

7. Construction of an OLED

8. Substrate Glass substrate Source: Lumiblade Plastic substrate Source: DuPont Teijin Films

9. Transparent conductive layer Silver Nano Wires Source: Cambrios Metal Mesh + PEDOT Source: flex-o-fab ITO

10. Complete OLEDOrganic layer OLED stack 0,1 - 1mm 10 - 50 nm ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

11. Oled stack UnreelingCoatingDrying + Inspection Rolling S²S R²R

12. Metal electrode Mirror effect 2 nd layer of ITO (or alternative) In case of an transparent OLED

13. Sealing (protection against H 2 O en O 2 ) Glass Bron: LG Chem Metal Bron: LG Chem Plastic Bron: LG Chem

14. Outcoupling ~ 20% of light escapes ~ 30% of the light trapped ~ 50% of the light trapped Source: R.Bathelet et al.Source: J. Scholz et al. Air n = 1 Glass n = 1,5 ITO - Org.layers n = 1,7~1,9

15. OLED versus Electroluminescentie Very specific Supplies (50 - 150Vac - 100 - 2000Hz) Very low efficacy: <10lm/W Simple productionprocess Standaard DC LED supply (4 - 10Vdc - 100 - 800mA) Good efficacy: >80lm/W Complex productionprocess OLED Electroluminescentie

16. OLED properties

17. Any shape possible Source: Fraunhofer Source: Gergo Kassai Source: Philips Lumiblade

18. Good color rendering Source: OSRAM

19. Efficacy Bron: DoE Multi-Year Program Plan 4/2014 Led package goal = 250lm/W Led luminaire goal = 230lm/W Oled goal = 190lm/W

20. Temperature Good heat transfer to surrounding Large surface  typ. 20 - 30° above T a Negative temperature coefficient  No thermal runaway

21. Lifetime No standardized measuring method ! Forecast Lifetime (L70)

22. Price evolution (quantities > 10kPcs) LED-component: <10 $/klm Low quantities: 5 – 10 times higher prices 30 à 40 $/klm

23. OLED products and applications

24. Solid OLEDs 300x300mm 850lm 100x100mm 75lm 210x50mm 75lm Ø 100mm 75lm 50x50mm 20lm 320x110mm 250lm example: LG Chem Target: 1000x1000mm

25. OLED Products Bernd Unrecht Adjust-S (€869 - €9990) Acuity Brands Nomi ($199) Birot Pixelate ($2000 - $7000) Alkilu Booklit ($40)

26. OLED Realizations Library SNU (Seoul) 1100 OLED desk lamps (Source: LG Chem) Stage Theater An Der Elbe 460 OLED Modules (Source: Lumiblade)

27. Flexibele OLEDs Source: LG Chem Status: Technologically feasible Commercially availability limited (Typical size: 150x50 mm)

28. Flexible OLEDs: Applications Source: LG Chem (concept) "Shining Tulip Festival“ – 15.000 OLED ‘tulips’ Source: Konica Minolta

29. Transparent OLEDs Bron: Fraunhofer Status: Technologically feasible Commercially not available (yet ???) – No priority

30. Transparent OLEDs Source: Osram (Rendering) Source: RIOE (Concept) Source: BASF (Concept)

31. The future…

32. Source: Ubergizmo Source: PPG industries Source: Lumiblade Revolutionary design concepts

33. Source: Osram

34. Market Forecasts…

35. OLEDs… Do not replace LED. Both technologies will be complementary. Will enable revolutionary design concepts Have the potential to be produced at low costs Will only become a mature technology after large investments ! Source photo: Design studio Agent

36. Thanks for your attention! Source: Holst Centre