1. School Seismology Dave Waltham Department of Earth Sciences Royal Holloway University of London

2. Japan, March 11, 2011

4. RHUL Recording

5. P-waves, S-Waves & Mexican Waves

6. Surface Waves

7. RHUL Recording PSSurface Waves ~10 mins 05:56:37

9. 86.03 10:10. Hence, earthquake at 05:56:37 – 00:10:10 = 05:46:27

10. Epicentral Distance RHUL 86.03 Japan

11. www.bgs.ac.uk/schoolSeismology

12. With Plate Boundaries

13. Texas Epicentral Distance=90°

14. Conclusions Off-shore Japan Occurred at 05:46:27 Large!

15. www.usgs.gov

16. Large Foreshock Wednesday 9/3/11 Friday 11/3/11

17. Aftershocks

18. Earthquake Seismology RHUL’s Seismometer Greece 14 Feb 2008 Magnitude 6.7 With aftershock China 12 May 2008 Magnitude 7.9 87 652 fatalities Herefordshire 26 Oct 2008 Magnitude 3.6

19. Frequencies 1 Hz 0.1 Hz

21. Conclusions School equipment can be used to detect and characterize distant earthquakes. We don’t know how to predict earthquakes. Can the next generation of scientists find a way? Until then, rigorous building codes save lives.