3. Picasso  The father of modern art and arguably the most influential and famous artist of the 20 th century.  “"A painting is not thought out and settled in advance," said Picasso. "While it is being done, it changes as one's thoughts change. And when it's finished, it goes on changing, according to the state of mind of whoever is looking at it."

4. GUERNICA  Mural completed by Picasso for the Spanish Pavilion at the 1937 World’s Fair.  On April 27th, 1937, unprecedented atrocities are perpetrated on behalf of the Spanish fascist dictator Franco against the civilian population of a little Basque village in northern Spain.  Chosen for bombing practice by Hitler's burgeoning war machine, the hamlet is pounded with high-explosive and incendiary bombs for over three hours.  Townspeople are cut down as they run from the crumbling buildings. Guernica burns for three days. Sixteen hundred civilians are killed or wounded.

6. Understanding Picasso  This is Picasso’s portrayal of the bombing.  Notice how the artist does not use symbols relating to war, such as bombs, guns, or soldiers.  Critical Thinking: How is violence and human suffering depicted in this work of art?

8. COLLAGE ASSIGNMENT  To create an original creative work, a collage, to represent a current event or historical event from the 20 th C that induces human suffering or violence.  Some of the events you may wish to consider: Ongoing conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq; genocide in Darfur; Israeli-Palestinian conflict; overwhelming poverty in Haiti; hate crimes; …. You may also research and produce a collage concerning violence and human suffering related to events of WWII or on of the genocides mentioned on pg. 595.

9. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE  Begin your research with The New York Times (www.nytimes.com), looking for articles or images that help explain the event or issue, as well as illustrate the role human suffering plays. www.nytimes.com  To guide the planning of this original work of art (in other words what MUST your collage visually depict, you should consider the following questions:

10.  What is your event or issue?  Where is it taking place?  How did this event or issue begin?  Who is most affected by this event or issue? How have humans suffered in this event or experience?

12. Examples of Collages Recognized as one of the most creative and original visual artists of the twentieth century, Romare Bearden had a prolific and distinguished career. He experimented with many different mediums and artistic styles, but is best known for his richly textured collages, two of which appeared on the covers of Fortune and Time magazines, in 1968.

13. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE  Identify your event or issue (2) that will be portrayed in the collage.  Begin researching images related to your event or issue.  Begin to collect and organize these images.  Decide on the layout and presentation of your collage.  Next class we will work on the collages in class, please bring all necessary materials.