2. First Government: Aristocracy Kings, noble families kept power in a small group Some kings were oppressive and unjust Nobles who advised kings encouraged laws that favored their class and hurt other classes

3. Change of power Small farmers and working class rose in power Were now able to serve in army Ordinary citizens Lower classes united in opposition Usually one noble was a leader Rebellion Helped lower classes with better laws Took land away from nobles Tyrant

4. Athens chooses democracy Power struggle Rich nobles Lower classes democracy Avoided civil war All citizens could serve

5. The Rise of City-States Polis Polis = city-state Is root of police, politics, politician Citizen All citizens expected to share in discussion of public matters Included Only 1/5 were citizens; only males born in city-state Women, kids, slaves, foreigners excluded