1. Ecology and Ecosystems AP Envrion. Sci.

2. Ecology: Etymology- Greek Oikos or “house” Biological species concept (Mayr 1970): a population of organisms that can interbreed or have that potential to interbreed and produce viable offspring. Population: a group of individuals of one species that live in the same place and time Habitat: place where the population or individual organism normally lives Community: all the populations of different species that live in a particular place Ecosystem: community of different species interacting with one another and abiotic (non living) environment Biosphere: parts of the earth’s air, water, soil where life is found

3. Hexagenia limbata (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) Biological Species

4. Population:

5. Habitat: streams, rivers of the Midwest

6. Community

7. Ecosystem

9. Producers and Consumers: trophic levels and energy flow Producers: Autotrophs, green plants, phytoplankton Primary consumers: herbivores (grasshoppers, ungulates, lagomorphs), zooplankton Secondary consumers: Carnivores; predaceous insects, spiders, birds, fish, frogs Third level (tertiary) consumers: large carnivores; lion, whales, bear, wolves, raptors Omnivores: pig, fox, coyote, opossum, raccoon, humans Decomposers; bacteria, fungi, Detritivores: mites, earthworms, blow flies, hide beetles, vultures, dung beetles, termites