1. Road to Civil War

2. Map Quiz Utah Territory New Mexico Territory Gadsden Purchase Oregon Territory Kansas Nebraska Texas Rio Grande Red River Mexico 49 th Parallel Wisconsin Illinois Indian Territory Oregon Trail Mormon Trail

3. Review (you don’t have to write this) Politics in the United States are plagued by the issue of slavery Why was slavery such a major issue in the United States at the time? Acquisition (gaining or receiving something) of new territory makes issue worse Past solutions to the slavery issue: Three-fifths Compromise Missouri Compromise

4. By 1790 90% of all slaves lived in the South. By the 1840s nearly all Northern states had outlawed slavery New territory in the west raised the question of the expansion of slavery

5. How would the US deal with this new debate? Compromise of 1850: Passed in order to admit California as a free state Not all opposition was political: Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin was a scathing critique of slavery Parts of the Compromise of 1850: California admitted as a free state (1850) Extra territory given to Texas Slavery in New Mexico and Utah to be decided by popular sovereignty Fugitive Slave Act upheld Slavery outlawed in Washington DC

6. Kansas-Nebraska Act Illinois Congressman Stephen Douglas wanted a railroad to the west to run from Chicago This required that the Western territories be opened for settlement Proposed the territory be divided into Kansas and Nebraska, and the slavery issued should be decided by Popular Sovereignty

7. Politics of Slavery Debate over slavery destroyed the Whig Party Whigs split. Some join the Democrats, others create their own party

8. Republicans Northern Democrats, Whigs, and Free- Soilers joined forces in 1854 in Rippon, Wisconsin. In July of 1854 the Republican party is formally created in Jackson, Michigan

9. Assignment: Venn Diagram RepublicansDemocrats

10. Early Civil Strife Conflict breaks out in the new Kansas territory between Pro and Anti-Slavery supporters Kansas had elected two governments: One Anti-Slavery, one pro-slavery

11. Sack of Lawrence (May 21, 1856) Pro-Slavery elements in the US attack Lawrence, Kansas, a supposed stronghold of the anti- slavery movement in Kansas This is done in retaliation for Lawrence attempting to create its own legislature, and supposedly shooting a pro-slavery Sheriff

12. Brooks-Sumner Affair (May 22, 1856) Senator from Massachusetts Charles Sumner delivered a biting critique of what he believed was the “Crime against Kansas” Preston Brooks, a relative of a South Carolina Senator who had been targeted in Sumner’s speech, walked into the Senate and beat Sumner over the head 30 times with his cane

14. Pottawatomie Massacre (May 24, 1856) Anti-Slavery Kansans, led by John Brown, attack Pottawatomie and hack five pro- slavery settlers apart with broadswords as revenge for the sack of Lawrence

15. Presidential Election of 1856 Candidates: Democrat: James Buchanan Republican: John Fremont Know-Nothings: Millard Fillmore

17. Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) Dred Scott sued for his freedom after his masters had died Supreme Court ruled that, because of the Fifth Amendment, he was property, and as such could not bring suit as a citizen of the US

18. Harper’s Ferry (Oct. 16-18 1859) John Brown planned to raid a federal arsenal in Virginia, take the weapons, and arm rebellious slaves The plan failed miserably. Brown is defeated by Lt. Colonel Robert E. Lee and a detachment of Marines

19. Rise of Abraham Lincoln Complete the worksheet BE DETAILED! I will count this as a quiz grade. This is a good way to boost your grade