2. DNA does what ?

3. Gives instructions to the cells

4. What are the four components of DNA that we have talked about ?

5. The four base pairs are adenine (A) thymine (T) guanine (G) cytosine (C) adenine thymine guaninecytosine adenine thymine guaninecytosine

6. What is one sugar, one phosphate, and nitrogenous base called ?

7. a NUCLEOTIDE

8. Bonds from base pairs = weak bond

9. Bonds from sugar or phosphate = strong bond

10. Why are base pair bonds weak ?

11. So it can split for replication

12. 3 nucleotides gives instructions to make what?

13. Proteins

14. 3 nucleotides are called a codon.

15. What two things can proteins do ?

16. Proteins are chemical triggers & act as messengers in a cell.

17. How does DNA make the proteins ?

18. With the help of RNA

19. What is RNA ?

20. RNA = Ribonucleic Acid

21. What are two physical differences of DNA & RNA ?

22. 1) Different type of sugar. 2) Uracil instead of Thymine

23. What are the four bases of RNA?

24. The four base pairs of RNA are adenine (A) Uracil (U) guanine (G) cytosine (C) adenine Uracil guaninecytosine adenine Uracil guaninecytosine

25. Things that cause Mutations are called ?

26. Mutagens

27. 3 nucleotides is called what?

28. A CODON

30. There are two types of RNA :

31. Messenger RNA (mRNA) & Transfer RNA (tRNA)

32. What are the five steps to directing the making of proteins ?

33. Step 1 : RNA makes a copy of the DNA section.

34. Step 2 : The mRNA goes to the Ribosome to tell it what to do.

35. Step 3 : tRNA picks up Amino Acids from the cytoplasm.

36. Step 4 : The tRNA brings the amino acids back to the ribosome.

37. Step 5: The Ribosome makes proteins with the amino acids and sends them out in the cell

39. Homework: Get your notebooks organized, study for the quiz, and the four vocabulary words.