1. Communication of ideas can either be… ImplicitExplicit

2. Communication of ideas can either be… Implicit Meaning is not clearly stated; one has to imply meaning ◦ “I didn’t know we were hosting penguins in here!” ◦ “Must be nice to sit around and play games all day…” ◦ “Are we having a tea party?” Explicit Clearly stated; no doubt about meaning ◦ “You keep this room too cold!” ◦ “I think you’re lazy. Get up and put your clothes away, empty the trash, and make your bed.” ◦ “I don’t know why there is a group of students hanging out right here. Get to class and out of the hallway before I write you a detention.”

3. We not only use words, but also body language, to communicate implicitly. What does the gymnast’s body language imply?

4. To Infer (verb) /To use Inference (noun) To infer means to come to a conclusion based on evidence. What might you infer from this photo?

5. Using inferences when reading: “Soon the men began to gather, surveying their own children, speaking of planting and rain, tractors and taxes. They stood together, away from the pile of stones in the corner, and their jokes were quiet and they smiled rather than laughed.” What are three inferences you can make from this passage?

6. Using inferences when reading: “Soon the men began to gather, surveying their own children, speaking of planting and rain, tractors and taxes. They stood together, away from the pile of stones in the corner, and their jokes were quiet and they smiled rather than laughed.” What are three inferences you can make from this passage? 1. That the men are farmers, or at least live in a rural area 2. That they know each other 3. That they are avoiding the topic of the stones

7. Identifying a Claim in a Text Identifying a Claim in a Text

8. 1. When someone makes a claim, what does that mean? 1. When someone makes a claim, what does that mean? * state or assert that something is the case, typically without providing evidence or proof. * to say that (something) is true when some people may say it is not true An arguable statement Has to be a topic people care about

9. 1. Examples using “claim” in a sentence 1. Examples using “claim” in a sentence He claims a connection to British royalty. The organization claims 10,000 members. The terrorist group claimed responsibility for the attack. New Yorkers proudly claim the artist as one of their own. Both of them claimed credit for the idea. He made a claim that the bridge was safe. The boy’s claim that he was in class was proved wrong by the video.

10. 2. Circle three of the following topics. Then write a claim for each one. Kings Island iPhones Fairfield Halloween Skateboarding Music Sports Dancing Kanye West Katy Perry McDonalds Shopping 2. Circle three of the following topics. Then write a claim for each one. Kings Island iPhones Fairfield Halloween Skateboarding Music Sports Dancing Kanye West Katy Perry McDonalds Shopping

11. 1. ________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________ 1. ________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________ 1. ________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________

12. 3. What are some other words for a claim? 3. What are some other words for a claim? assert, verify, swear, allege, avow, postulate, insist, maintain, profess, hold (verbs) assertion, statement, allegation, declaration, contention, pretension, affirmation (nouns)

13. 4. Watch the youtube video written and directed by Charlene de Guzman. What is her claim? 4. Watch the youtube video written and directed by Charlene de Guzman. What is her claim?

14. 5. What is her claim? How do you know this is her claim? List details from the short film that prove this.

15. 6. Is her message implicit or explicit? Explain. 6. Is her message implicit or explicit? Explain. Implicit. She never comes out and says anything (in fact, there are no words), but the actress’ reactions signal her opinion – verging on disgust – with her friends’ non-interaction with her as they choose to look at their phones.

16. 7. Do you agree with her claim? Defend your answer. 7. Do you agree with her claim? Defend your answer.