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Published byFrancis Webster Modified over 8 years ago
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Biotechnology
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Biotechnology The manipulation of biological processes or organisms to achieve a goal
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Genetic Engineering When the manipulation involves the DNA of cells or organisms Genes are added, deleted or changed
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Recombinant DNA New DNA made from connecting pieces of DNA from different sources
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Genetically Engineered Human Insulin From Bacteria Human insulin gene inserted into bacteria genome Bacteria are able to produce human insulin
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Restriction Enzyme
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Transgenic Organism Aka Genetically Modified
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Transgenic Plants Improved crops
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Gene Therapy Replacement of missing or defective gene to treat genetic disorder
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Gene Therapy
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Gel Electrophoresis Technique that sorts molecules by charge and size Used to make “DNA fingerprints” –Specific pattern of DNA fragments –Unique to every individual
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A DNA Fingerprint is a “barcode” of an individual’s genetic makeup. How do we get the “barcode”?
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This results in a pattern that is unique to every individual.
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By comparing “barcodes” identification of individuals is possible.
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Prove guilt Exonerate innocent Paternity testing Identification of individuals Organ donor matches Evolutionary Relationships
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Clones Organisms that are genetically identical Cloning began in 1952 with frogs Dolly- first animal cloned from adult cell
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Human Genome Project Specific sequence of all 24 chromosomes –3 billion bases –30,000 genes, function of half unknown –99.9% identical in all humans,.1% responsible for individuality Only 2% contains genes for making proteins Potential to identify health risks, treatments and cures Video: Cracking the Code of Life
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Ethics Society’s responsibilities regarding uses of biotechnology Human Genome Ethics Survey
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