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Biotechnology. Biotechnology The manipulation of biological processes or organisms to achieve a goal.

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Presentation on theme: "Biotechnology. Biotechnology The manipulation of biological processes or organisms to achieve a goal."— Presentation transcript:

1 Biotechnology

2 Biotechnology The manipulation of biological processes or organisms to achieve a goal

3 Genetic Engineering When the manipulation involves the DNA of cells or organisms Genes are added, deleted or changed

4 Recombinant DNA New DNA made from connecting pieces of DNA from different sources

5 Genetically Engineered Human Insulin From Bacteria Human insulin gene inserted into bacteria genome Bacteria are able to produce human insulin

6 Restriction Enzyme

7 Transgenic Organism Aka Genetically Modified

8 Transgenic Plants Improved crops

9 Gene Therapy Replacement of missing or defective gene to treat genetic disorder

10 Gene Therapy

11 Gel Electrophoresis Technique that sorts molecules by charge and size Used to make “DNA fingerprints” –Specific pattern of DNA fragments –Unique to every individual

12 A DNA Fingerprint is a “barcode” of an individual’s genetic makeup. How do we get the “barcode”?

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14 This results in a pattern that is unique to every individual.

15 By comparing “barcodes” identification of individuals is possible.

16 Prove guilt Exonerate innocent Paternity testing Identification of individuals Organ donor matches Evolutionary Relationships

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19 Clones Organisms that are genetically identical Cloning began in 1952 with frogs Dolly- first animal cloned from adult cell

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21 Human Genome Project Specific sequence of all 24 chromosomes –3 billion bases –30,000 genes, function of half unknown –99.9% identical in all humans,.1% responsible for individuality Only 2% contains genes for making proteins Potential to identify health risks, treatments and cures Video: Cracking the Code of Life

22 Ethics Society’s responsibilities regarding uses of biotechnology Human Genome Ethics Survey


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