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The Columbian Exchange
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The global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas. Items brought back from America had never been seen before but quickly became an important part of society. What is it?
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Simple items such as corn and potatoes became revolutionary in Europe because they were cheap, easy to grow, and nutritious. As a result the European population exploded. Impact: Europe
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Animals such as cattle and horses were adopted by native cultures. However the disease brought with Europeans and these new animals decimated native populations. Impact: The Americas
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As a result of new wealth and expanded overseas trade, two new economic systems are born. 1. Capitalism 2. Joint-Stock Companies Effects of Global Trade
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An economic system based on private ownership and the investment of resources, such as money, for profit. In other words, governments were no longer the only owners of wealth and the merchant class expanded (increased middle class). Capitalism
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As the number of businessmen and middle class grew so did the type of businesses. The joint-stock company was like a modern day corporation with investors bought shares of the company. People now began pooling their money for a common purpose. Joint-Stock Companies
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The belief that a nations power depended on its wealth and as a result the goal of every nation should be to attain as much wealth as possible at any cost. They needed to gain this wealth by either finding gold or establishing trade with a rival where they made more money. Mercantilism
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Urban populations and the number of merchants increased by incredible amounts. These economic ideas reinforced the idea of nationalism and European nations increased in power. Although a middle class emerged, monarchs still managed to maintain most of the new wealth. Economics Effect European Society
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