1. ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE THE EFFECTS OF TRANSNATIONAL MANUFACTURING AND SERVICES Relocation of polluting industries

2. What the syllabus says…. ‘Discuss the reasons for and consequences of the relocation of polluting industries and waste disposal to countries with weaker environmental controls and safety regulations’.

3. The Problem There is a lot of harmful waste produced by various industries and the problem is where can it be stored, treated or recycled. This waste includes the by-products of the chemical industry, power industry, transport industry among others. A relatively new type of waste is the waste produced as a result of the technology revolution. Out-dated products containing micro chip technology are increasing as new, more sophisticated products are continuously replacing the previous year’s model. ICT waste as an example of the relocation of polluting industry E-waste is the commonly-used term for this type of waste. E-waste is growing very quickly.

4. E-waste images

5. A GROWING INDUSTRY

7. PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

8. MOBILE PHONES IN 2008

11. RECYCLE OR DUMP?

14. Reasons for the relocation of polluting industries Strong environmental controls and laws in HIC’s Weaker environmental controls and laws in LIC’s Cheaper land in LIC’s Lower labour costs in LIC’s More relaxed labour laws in LIC’s More relaxed health and safety laws in LIC’s Incomes and opportunities are lower in LIC’s

15. Your task To produce a report on ICT waste in West Africa Who is involved? Where does the waste come from? Where does it go to ? What are the environmental consequences? What are the health consequences? What is being done to reduce the problem and how successful have these measures been? NOTE - REFER TO A SELECTION OF LOCATIONS IN YOUR ANSWER.

16. Guidance Your report should clearly answer the 6 enquiry questions As always make sure you include clear locational information in your report Inclusion of statistical information will add credibility to your report Aim to include enough information to comfortably answer a 15 mark question (see webpage for sample question).

17. Sources of information TEXTS IB Study Guide p.165 IB book pages 604-606 VIDEOS LINKS http://www.guardian.co.uk/en vironment/2010/feb/22/electr onic-wastehttp://www.guardian.co.uk/en vironment/2010/feb/22/electr onic-waste http://www.guardian.co.uk/en vironment/2009/may/28/gree nwash-electronic-wastehttp://www.guardian.co.uk/en vironment/2009/may/28/gree nwash-electronic-waste http://www.greenpeace.org/in ternational/en/multimedia/pho to-essays/Following-the-e- waste-trail/http://www.greenpeace.org/in ternational/en/multimedia/pho to-essays/Following-the-e- waste-trail/