1. Minnesota First Detectors EAB Risk from Iverson, et al. 2013

2. Minnesota First Detectors 5-10% of ash in area were dead Most of rest had noticeable decline Nodine – Found 2011 ~6-7 years old at discovery

3. Minnesota First Detectors > 100 larval galleries / square meter of bark Lots of woodpecking Nodine – Found 2011 ~6-7 years old at discovery

4. Minnesota First Detectors Fort Snelling Golf Course – Found 2012 ~4-5 years old at discovery A few trees in area were dead ~20% had noticeable canopy decline EAB trees masked by native borer activity

5. Minnesota First Detectors Many trees with decline and native borers present Tree at right looks suspect for EAB, but is infested with native borers Fort Snelling Golf Course – Found 2012 ~4-5 years old at discovery

6. Minnesota First Detectors St Paul – Found in 2009, ~4 years old at discovery No dead trees Canopy thinning on ~50 trees

7. Minnesota First Detectors St Paul – Found in 2009, ~4 years old at discovery Woodpecking key to picking out suspect trees

8. Minnesota First Detectors Summit / Dale – Found in 2011, ~4 years old at discovery Decline, woodpecking, bark cracks on < 10 trees

9. Minnesota First Detectors Shoreview – Found in 2011, ~3 years old at discovery Decline in one tree initially No woodpecking seen in July Heavy woodpecking by November

10. Minnesota First Detectors Wildlife Refuge – Houston County Houston Estimate 3 years old when found in 2010 Only found due to extensive searching

11. Minnesota First Detectors EAB Quarantine

12. Minnesota First Detectors EAB Quarantine No Regulated Articles are legally allowed to move outside of a quarantine (untreated or treated), unless they are accompanied by a certificate. Certificates are only available when a compliance agreement is signed between the Minnesota Department of Agriculture and the firm interested in moving the regulated article.

13. Minnesota First Detectors Regulated Articles Emerald ash borer in any living stage of development Ash trees Ash limbs / branches Ash stumps and roots Ash logs Ash chips (wood or bark) Firewood of any non-coniferous species EAB Quarantine

14. Minnesota First Detectors NO OK Maybe EAB Quarantine

15. Minnesota First Detectors Winter Update

16. Minnesota First Detectors Winter Update

17. Minnesota First Detectors -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 Supercooling point (°C) 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 -26°C / -15°F -30°C / -21°F -27°C / -17°F Winter Update Median Super Cooling Point

18. Minnesota First Detectors Modeling EAB Mortality 2011-12 2009-10 2010-11

19. Minnesota First Detectors Initial Freezer (-35°C / -31°F target) Walk-in cool room (~4°C / 39°F) Grand Rapids area St. Paul Great River Bluffs St. Park (2011-12) (Map by R.C. Venette) Winter Update

20. Minnesota First Detectors Winter mortality and EAB dynamics Ash mortality Seasonal growth 60% winter mortality 90% winter mortality “Compound interest”

21. Minnesota First Detectors Microclimate Site Mean temp °F Air-17.1 Street-13.1 Part shade -14.5 Full Shade -14.4

22. Minnesota First Detectors (Map by R.C. Venette) January 2013 Temp EAB Kill Kill w/ buffer -39°F>99%> 95% -23°F~55%~35% -14°F~30%~15% -10°F~15%< 5%

23. Minnesota First Detectors Winter Update

24. Minnesota First Detectors Winter Update

25. Minnesota First Detectors Questions