1. Scholarly Publishing Update: Commercial Publishing and Open Access in the Digital Age Faculty Senate Research Council February 24, 2012 Leslie Button, Associate Director for Library Services

2. Recently filed federal legislation Call for an Elsevier Boycott UMass Amherst Libraries investment in E- Journal Packages and other publishing models, with projected costs Overview 2

3. Research Works Act (H.R. 3699) Purpose: “To ensure the continued publication and integrity of peer-reviewed research works by the private sector” Section 2 No Federal Agency may adopt, implement, maintain, continue, or otherwise, engage in any policy, program or activity that: (1)causes, permits or authorizes network dissemination of private-sector research work without the prior consent of the publisher of such a work; or (2)request that any actual or prospective author, or the employer of such an actual or prospective author, assent to network dissemination of a private-sector research work 3

4. Impact of H.R. 3699 if Enacted Repeal NIH open access policy Restrict public access to NIH funded, peer- reviewed research Research data will be subject to publishing agreements – Data by itself is not copyrightable – Limit others ability to repurpose data for their research Implies that publishers control peer-review rather than the faculty who contribute their expertise! 4

5. Federal Research Public Access Act of 2012 (H.R. 4004) – Requires federal agencies with extramural research budgets of $100 million+ to make federally funded research available at no cost to the general public (exempts classified research) – Expands the successful NIH public access model – Ensures timely access to published results of federally funded research (6 months instead of 12) 5

6. More Info on H.R. 3699 and 4004 Harvard Open Access Project Notes on Research Works Act: http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/hoap/Notes_on _the_Research_Works_Act http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/hoap/Notes_on _the_Research_Works_Act Notes on Federal Research Public Access Act: http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/hoap/Notes_on_t he_Federal_Research_Public_Access_Act 6

7. Timothy Gowers Calls for Elsevier Boycott Cambridge University mathematician announced in January 2012 he will no longer: – Publish journal articles with Elsevier – Serve as a referee or editor for Elsevier Gowers rationale: – Elsevier’s high prices – Practice of bundling journals which some see as forcing libraries to subscribe to journals they do not want to get journals they do want – Elsevier’s support for the Research Works Act 7

8. Elsevier Boycott Garners Publicity “Elsevier Publishing Boycott Gathers Steam Among Academics,” Josh Fishman, Chronicle of Higher Education, January 30, 2012, http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/elsevier-publishing-boycott- gathers-steam-among-academics/35216 http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/elsevier-publishing-boycott- gathers-steam-among-academics/35216 “Elsevier Boycott Gathers Pace,” Nature, Feb. 9, 2012, http://www.nature.com/news/elsevier-boycott-gathers-pace-1.10010 http://www.nature.com/news/elsevier-boycott-gathers-pace-1.10010 “Why Scientists Are Boycotting a Publisher,” Boston Globe, February 12, 2012, http://articles.boston.com/2012-02- 12/opinion/31038186_1_elsevier-journals-scientistshttp://articles.boston.com/2012-02- 12/opinion/31038186_1_elsevier-journals-scientists “Mathematicians Organize Boycott of a Publisher,” New York Times, February 13, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/14/science/researchers-boycott- elsevier-journal-publisher.html http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/14/science/researchers-boycott- elsevier-journal-publisher.html “It’s Not Academic: How Publishers Are Squelching Science Communication,” Discover Magazine http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2012/02/21/its-not-academic- how-publishers-are-squelching-science-communication/ http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2012/02/21/its-not-academic- how-publishers-are-squelching-science-communication/ 8

9. UMass Amherst Libraries Materials Budget 9

10. Serial and Book Purchases FY05-FY11 10

11. Monographs and Serials as a Percentage of the Libraries’ Materials Budget 11

12. FY11 Expenditures on E-Journal Packages PublisherCost# of Titles Elsevier$1,100,3882,413 Wiley-Blackwell$515,716445 Springer$176,5172,201 Sage$87,010468 JSTOR$60,925995 Oxford UP$46,245206 Cambridge UP$45,980242 Project MUSE$22,064324 12

13. FY11 E-Journal Expenditures by Publisher 13

14. arXiv Open access to 737,403 eprints http://arxiv.org http://arxiv.org Business model seeks funds from top 200 institutions with heavy use 2011 - UMass Amherst Libraries paid $2,070 14 YearTotal Use 201116,402 201015,615 200915,886

15. Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011 - UMass Amherst Libraries paid $2,000 for institutional membership Membership provides 10% discount on publication fees for PLoS journals PLoS published 7 peer-reviewed journals Provide article-level metrics 15

16. BioMed Central 2011 UMass Amherst Libraries paid $2,464 for supporting membership Provides a 15% discount on article processing charge for BioMed Central journals BioMed Central publishes 228 peer-reviewed journals 16

17. eLife “A journal run by scientists, for scientists” http://www.hhmi.org/news/elife20111107.html http://www.hhmi.org/news/elife20111107.html Top-tier, open access journal to be launched in 2012 No “financial barriers” so scientists around the world can access or reuse research it publishes Support from – Howard Hughes Medical Institute – Max Planck Society – Wellcome Trust 17

18. Future E-Journal Investment 18

19. Recent Developments Australia’s National Health and Medical Research Council announces policy to make research findings openly available – http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/media/notices/2012/re vised-policy-dissemination-research-findings http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/media/notices/2012/re vised-policy-dissemination-research-findings American Heart Association announces open- access, peer-reviewed journal – http://www.newsroom.heart.org/pr/aha/america n-heart-association-launches-229260.aspx http://www.newsroom.heart.org/pr/aha/america n-heart-association-launches-229260.aspx 19

20. Benefits of Supporting Alternative Models Research available at no cost to reader Faster and wider dissemination of research Facilitate development of new knowledge and disciplines Scholars can build on existing knowledge Better chance of long-term preservation for “born digital” scholarly works Leverage technology for alternative publishing model instead of replicating print-based model in an online environment 20

21. Next Steps Provide scholarly publishing update to Research Council once a semester 21