1. REMOTE SENSING FOR VEGETATION AND LAND DEGRADATION MONITORING AND MAPPING Maurizio Sciortino, Luigi De Cecco, Matteo De Felice, Flavio Borfecchia ENEA LAND DEGRADATION NEUTRALITY

2. How to measure Land Degradation and the impact of climate changes on Land Degradation SCIENCE Post 2015 UN 2030 Agenda on Sustanaible Development goal 15.3: achive by 2030 a land degradation neutral world POLICY

3. Land Degradation Neutrality LDN is a state whereby the amount of healthy and productive land resources, necessary to support vital ecosystems services, remains stable or increase within specified temporal and spatial scales.

4. LDN indicators 1)Land use change 2)Land productivity change 3)Soil organic Carbon change

5. Land Cover Change (2000-2012 )

6. LAND PRODUCTIVITY NDVI is a good proxi of above ground Net Primary Productivity (NPP) and its changes represents the vegetative cover dynamics. Vegetative cover dynamics is assumed to approximate the productivity of cropland, forestland and grassland.

7. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is an indicator of the greenness of the biomes. NDVI = (REF_nir – REF_red)/(REF_nir + REF_red) where REF_nir and REF_red are the spectral reflectances measured in the near infrared and red wavebands respectively, makes it widely used for ecosystems monitoring. SPOT Red 610-680 NIR 780-890 MODIS Red 620-670 NIR 841-876 NOAA-AVHRR Red 580-680 NIR 725-1000

8. 8 Earth Observation

9. Global Land productivity dynamics

11. 11 Italy is included in 4 «tiles» MOD13A1 MVC 16-day, 250 m. H:18-V:04 H:18-V:05H:19-V:05 H:19-V:04 Selection and mosaic of the layers (23) for each year

12. NDVI ANNUAL SUM INDEX NDVI c =  NDVI i Typical annual trend of natural ecosystems in mediterranean climate ZNDVI = (NDVI c - ) 

13. 2000 2001 20022003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2013 2009 2008 2010 NDVI annual sum 201120122014

14. LAND PRODUCTIVITY

15. LAND PRODUCTIVITY TREND 6843 Km 2 13670 Km 2 32781 Km 2 46782 Km 2

16. REGIONAL SURFACE OF LAND PRODUCTIVITY CHANGE

18. LP change x Land Cover 2000-2013

19. Linear regression model LP=a * t + b * P + c t time P precipitation

20. Conclusions Data and methods are available to assess Land Productivity at national and sub national scale; In Italy the areas of LP improvement are larger of areas of LP decline but in northern Italian regions LP decline is larger than in southern regions. Precipitation explains 18% of the observed LP and 28% is due to changes not related to climate. Results aims to support the development of a monitoring based national strategy on Land Degradation Neutrality