1. April 21 st Challenge Corrections due today Graph/Stats fixes due tomorrow WWI Test will take place tomorrow for those who still need to take it.

2. What were the underlying causes of World War I? World War I, also known as “The War to End all Wars,” began on July 28, 1914. After little more than four years of fighting and an estimated ten million deaths, the world truly believed that they would never again be willing to participate in another world conflict. Although the tension among Europe’s great powers had been high, the spark that would ignite the war took place when a Serbian nationalist, Gavirillo Princip, successfully assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand (the heir to Emperor Franz Joseph) and his wife Sophia. Many Serbians were concerned with the possibility that Austria-Hungary would annex their nation as they did to their ethnic neighbor, Bosnia in 1908. The Archduke’s death allowed Austria-Hungary to issue a list of severe ultimatums to Serbia with the intent that Serbia would reject the demands and provide justification for a military response. With the support of Russia, Serbia refused to succumb to the threat from Austria and exactly one month after the assassination Austria-Hungary would declare war on Serbia. Although the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand is considered to be the “Spark” that set of the war, it should not be considered to be the cause of the war. Along with nationalism, there were three underlying causes of World War I: alliances, imperialism and militarism. One underlying cause of World War I was the creation of alliances. In 1882, Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy would join forces to create the Triple Alliance. In response, Russia and France formed a defensive military alliance. By 1907, Great Britain was fearing the potential threat of Germany and would join forces with France and Russia to create the Triple Entente. Geographically, Germany was now surrounded by opposing countries and worried about one day having to fight a war on two- fronts (Doc. A). After the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, the alliance system would be put into action. Austria-Hungary, reassured by the unconditional military support from their German allies, developed a list of demands that Serbia must obey or risk the possibility of a military invasion. Serbia turned to their strong ally, Russia, and with Russia’s support refused the Austrian ultimatums (Marching Toward War, Slide Notes). By August 5 th, 1914, all the major countries of the two alliances (except Italy) were involved in the war. In a political cartoon created by John McCutcheon of the Chicago Daily Tribune, the caption reads “The Crime of the Ages. Who Did It?” The intent of this cartoon was to show how all the countries blamed one another for the outbreak of the war and in actuality they were all at fault for starting the war (Doc. B). This evidence supports the notion that the development of two different alliances was an underlying cause of World War I because the different agreements made between nations forced them into the first global conflict.

3. What were the underlying causes of World War I? World War I, also known as “The War to End all Wars,” began on July 28, 1914. After little more than four years of fighting and an estimated ten million deaths, the world truly believed that they would never again be willing to participate in another world conflict. Although the tension among Europe’s great powers had been high, the spark that would ignite the war took place when a Serbian nationalist, Gavirillo Princip, successfully assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand (the heir to Emperor Franz Joseph) and his wife Sophia. Many Serbians were concerned with the possibility that Austria-Hungary would annex their nation as they did to their ethnic neighbor, Bosnia in 1908. The Archduke’s death allowed Austria-Hungary to issue a list of severe ultimatums to Serbia with the intent that Serbia would reject the demands and provide justification for a military response. With the support of Russia, Serbia refused to succumb to the threat from Austria and exactly one month after the assassination, Austria- Hungary would declare war on Serbia. Although the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand is considered to be the “Spark” that set of the war, it should not be considered to be the cause of the war. Along with nationalism, there were three underlying causes of World War I: alliances, imperialism and militarism.

4. Introduction: Grabber: Background: Thesis: World War I, also known as “The War to End all Wars, the world truly believed that they would never again be willing to participate in another world conflict. Began on July 28, 1914 4 Years, 10 million deaths Gavirillo Princip, successfully assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand Austria-Hungary issued a list of severe ultimatums to Serbia Serbia, allies with Russia, refused to meet all of the demands Austria declares war on Serbia Along with nationalism, there were three underlying causes of World War I: alliances, imperialism and militarism.

5. One underlying cause of World War I was the creation of alliances. In 1882, Germany, Austria- Hungary and Italy would join forces to create the Triple Alliance. In response, Russia and France formed a defensive military alliance. By 1907, Great Britain was fearing the potential threat of Germany and would join forces with France and Russia to create the Triple Entente (MAIN Slide Notes, # 5). Geographically, Germany was now surrounded by opposing countries and worried about one day having to fight a war on two-fronts (Doc. A). After the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, the alliance system would be put into action. Austria-Hungary, reassured by the unconditional military support from their German allies, developed a list of demands that Serbia must obey or risk the possibility of a military invasion. Serbia turned to their strong ally, Russia, and with Russia’s support refused the Austrian ultimatums (Marching Toward War, Slide Notes). By August 5 th, 1914, all the major countries of the two alliances (except Italy) were involved in the war. In a political cartoon created by John McCutcheon of the Chicago Daily Tribune, the caption reads “The Crime of the Ages. Who Did It?” The intent of this cartoon was to show how all the countries blamed one another for the outbreak of the war and in actuality they were all at fault for starting the war (Doc. B). This evidence supports the notion that the development of two different alliances was an underlying cause of World War I because the different agreements made between nations forced them into the first global conflict.

6. The development of Military Alliances led to increased tension. 1882, Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy would join forces to create the Triple Alliance. 1907, Britain, France and Russia create the Triple Entente (MAIN Slide Notes, # 5) Germany feared a two-front war.(Doc. A, 4 th Bullet) The fulfillment of the alliance system turned a small conflict into a world war. Austria-Hungary supported by Germany Serbia supported by Russia (MAIN Slide Notes, # 8) By August 5 th, 1914, all the major countries of the two alliances (except Italy) were involved in the war. (Doc. B, 1 st and 3 rd Bullet) Creation of alliances was one cause of World War I

7. Your assignment is to create T-charts for the 3 rd and 4 th body paragraphs. Paragraph #2 focused on Alliances. Your next two body paragraphs need to cover two of the remaining causes of WWI (Militarism, Imperialism, and Nationalism). Your evidence must also include the source citation. Finally, you need to write a conclusion. I don’t want your conclusion to be a rewrite of the introduction. Instead, I want you to write about whether or not you believe the environment that existed at the beginning of the 20 th century is similar or different to what is taking place at the start of the 21 st century. You need to make connections with real world. This would be a GREAT opportunity to talk with your parents/guardians about possible connections.