1. Tri 3 Final Review

2. Any resource that can/will be naturally replenished in a reasonable amount of time. Examples: * Hydroelectric * Wind * Biomass (plants) * Solar * Geothermal Renewable Resource

3. Hydroelectric Energy Pros(+) ● Reliable ● Flexible ● Clean Cons(-) ● Expensive ● Destruction of Habitats ● Limited Locations

4. A resource that Cannot be replenished in the near future Nonrenewable Energy

5. *Coal *Natural Gas (Lowest Emissions) *Oil Nuclear (Cleanest Emissions) *These 3 are the major source of all energy. They’re inexpensive, but very dirty and they all release major pollution Examples of Nonrenewable Energy

6. Carbon Dioxide Mercury Sulfur Dioxide Burning Coal Releases

7. 1. Water: Most abundant greenhouse gas 2. CO 2 (Mostly released by humans burning fossil fuels) 3. Methane Greenhouse Gases

8. Global warming could accelerate if the permafrost thaws and releases more Methane gas.

9. *Change in global precipitation patterns *Extinction of some species Increase hurricanes Rising sea levels, (not falling sea levels) Climate Change could cause

10. Increase Temperatures could decrease Moose population in Minnesota

11. Global Warming occurs in the Troposphere and Ozone depletion occurs in the Stratosphere.

12. Ozone Layer (O 3 ) blocks harmful UV radiation Chlorofluorocarbons: CFC’s: Primary gas that depletes the ozone layer Ozone Layer Depletion

13. Air temperature increases with increase height which can trap pollutants creating smog. Temperature Inversion

14. ACID RAIN: Both HNO 3 & H 2 SO 3 Solution!!! Reduce Coal

15. “The EPA to set national ambient air quality standards for air pollutants.”

16. Watershed: An area of land where all of the water ends up in the same location.

17. Ground water is part of the water shed. Water seeps into the ground and slowly moves through the watershed.

18. What’s an AQUIFER? A permeable layer that contains water.

19. Chemicals on land can pollute ground water and eventually lakes and streams.

20. Point Source Pollution The source of the pollution starts at one location. (A Point!!)

21. Point Source Pollution: Organic matter, like sewage, adds Nitrogen and Phosphorus which is broken down by bacteria reducing dissolved Oxygen

22. The source of the pollution is wide spread. Agriculture # 1 (Phosphorous)

23. Phosphorus increase algae bloom, bacterial activity -> lower O2.

24. Agricultural chemical flow to Mississippi!!!

25. DEAD ZONE: No Oxygen due to Non Point Source pollution!!

26. Four methods of irrigation: Surface.Sprinkler. Drip/trickle. BEST Subsurface.

27. Floodplain Management: Don’t build on Floodplains, Restore wetlands that have been drained. Reconstruct Oxbows that were straighten. Instead of spending Billions of dollars trying to conquer nature, spend a few million to restore it.

28. Earth & Soil

29. Plate Tectonics Seafloor spreading along the plate boundary

30. What happens where the plates come together ________

31. Rock Cycle Ex. Basalt Granite

32. Sedimentary Rock: From weathering rock. Fossils!!!

33. Basalt: From Lava: (Taylors Falls) IGNEOUS ROCKS

34. Soil Composition Clay: Very fine particles. Low permeability. Soil can become water logged Silt: Fine Sedimentary material. Loam: Mixture of Clay, silt, sand and *Humus. Sand: Medium size Sedimentary material. Water flows through easily. Gravel: Course sedimentary material. Small rocks *Humus: Dark organic matter from decomposition.

35. Soil Profile “ A Layer”: Top Soil that contains humus roots and dark organic matter from decomposition.

36. SALINZATION: Water that’s not absorbed and evaporates leaving behind dissolved salts in the topsoil. (Often in the Deserts)

37. Dust Bowl 1930’s “ Resulted in the Soil and Water Conservation Act”

38. Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking) A method to extract oil from the ground

39. 1. Release Methane into ground water 2. Contaminates Drinking water 3. Waste can leach into ground water Negative Consequences of Fracking

40. Fragmentation of forests: Decreases Biodiversity: Loss of Habitat #1 threat to Species

41. The danger of disposing toxic chemicals underground came to the public attention. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7ChkI77QXs Love Canal, New York

42. The removal of pollution or contaminants from the soil, groundwater, sediment, or surface water. Ex. PCB consuming bacteria are sprayed on an area that is contaminated with PCB’s Environmental Remediation

43. The intelligent selection and use of pest control actions that will ensure favorable economic, ecological and sociological consequences. Integrated Pest Management