2. Location of internal organs How body systems work and their functions. Blood flow through the heart. Oxygen and waste exchange within the lungs

3. Anatomy –The study of the structure or form of living things Physiology –The study of function (activities and processes)

4. 206 bones make up the skeleton 656-850 muscles Gives the body shape Protects vital organs Provides for body movement

5. Skull  The skull consists of 28 bones that are separated into 2 groups. The cranial bones and facial bones

6. Vertebral Column  Contains 33 Vertebrae 5 Divisions:  Cervical (7)  Thoracic (12)  Lumbar (5)  Sacral (5)  Coccygeal (4)

7.  Ligaments connect bone to bone  Cartilage provides protection and cushion during movement  Synovial fluid acts as a lubricant for the joint to help with easy movement

8.  Skeletal  Smooth  Cardiac

9. Attaches to bones by way of tendons Forms the major muscle mass of the body Responsible for movement Under conscious control

10. Found in gastrointestinal tract, urinary system, blood vessels Controls the flow of materials through these structures Carries out automatic muscular functions No conscious control Responds to stimuli such as heat, cold, and stretching

11. Found only in the heart Involuntary muscle Has its own blood supply (coronary arteries) Contracts on its own (automaticity)

13. Oxygen moves into bloodstream by inhalation. (Active process of breathing) Carbon dioxide is excreted through exhalation. (Passive process of breathing)

14. The heart is the pump for blood. Blood is the fluid that brings food and oxygen to the cells, and removes waste products. Blood vessels are the pipes that blood flows through.

15. Blood Flow through the Heart

16. Valves between chambers prevent the backflow of blood. Contains specialized contractile and conductive tissue

17. Arteries –Carry blood away from heart Veins –Carry blood toward heart Arterioles –Smallest arteries Venules –Smallest veins

18. Tiny vessels that connect arterioles to venules Allow for the exchange of waste and nutrients at the cellular level

19. Red blood cells: Erythrocytes Give blood its color Carries oxygen to organs –Carries carbon dioxide away from organs

20. White blood cells: Leukocytes –Provide defense against infection –Produce antibodies Plasma –Fluid that carries blood cells and nutrients Platelets –Essential for formation of clots

21. Controls the voluntary and involuntary activity of the body Consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

22. Includes the brain and spinal cord, responds to internal and external changes of the body

23. Allows for food travel and breakdown due to smooth muscle and digestive enzymes Organs include: Stomach Small Intestines Large Intestines

25. Protects the body from the environment and organisms Helps regulate body temperature Senses heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain

26. A & P quiz 1.How many bones make up the human skeleton?______ 2. What is the study of the structure or form of living things?________ 3. Which organ has its own blood supply (coronary arteries)?_________ 4.Which vessels are responsible for carrying blood away from the heart?_________ 5. Which fluid is responsible for bringing food and oxygen to the cells, and removes waste products?________

27. 6. There are _______ types of muscle found in the human body? 7. Which blood cells provide defense against infection and produce antibodies?_________ 8. The spinal column is made up of how many divisions?_______ 9.How many organs make up the digestive system?_______ 10. The human _______protects the body from the environment and organisms.