1. What is art for?

2. 5 reasons 1. Art keeps us hopeful 2. Art makes us less lonely
3. Art rebalances us
4. Art helps us to appreciate stuff
5. Art is propaganda for what really matters

3. Appropriation in Art

4. Appropriation in art
Appropriation is the intentional borrowing, copying, and alteration of preexisting images and objects. It is a strategy that has been used by artists for millennia, but took on new significance in mid-20th-century America and Britain with the rise of consumerism and the proliferation of popular images through mass media outlets from magazines to television.

5. Who does that???
Pop artists like Andy Warhol, and Roy Lichtenstein reproduced, juxtaposed, or repeated mundane, everyday images from popular culture—both absorbing and acting as a mirror for the ideas, interactions, needs, desires, and cultural elements of the times. As Warhol stated, “Pop artists did images that anyone walking down the street would recognize in a split second— comics, picnic tables, men’s pants, celebrities, refrigerators, Coke bottles.”

6. Anyone else???

7. Similarity Judgments Dissimilar 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Similar
How famous is the creator of the 1st work? Famous/Not Famous
I am confident that I know who created the 1st work. Disagree/Agree
How famous is the creator of the 2nd work? Famous/Not Famous
I am confident that I know who created the 2nd work. Disagree/Agree
The second work alters the original with new expression
The second work alters the original with new meaning/message.
The second work creates an entirely different aesthetic then the original. Disagree/Agree
The second work provides significant benefit to the public. Disagree/Agree

8. Velazquez - Pablo Picasso

9. Original and appropriated version - Duchamp

10. Portrait of Jorge Manuel 1603 Pablo Picasso version 1950

11. Diego Velazquez – Las Meninas 1656 Salvador Dali - 1960

12. Marcel Duchamp

13. Digital Appropriation

14. Copyright Law & Fair Use
In the United States, Intellectual property law in a large part of the legal system
The goal of this protection it to “Promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive rights to their respective writings and discoveries.”
An appropriated or “derivative work” is a work based upon one or more preexisting works
A derivative work need not be a violation of an author’s copyright due to the “fair use doctrine”
One of the factors used in analyzing fair use is the “purpose and character” of the use. In short is it transformative?

15. Copyright Infringement or Fair Use?
Generally the U.S. courts have said that a new work is not an infringement of copyright as long as the new work is considered “transformative”
Transformative = altering the original with new expression, meaning, or message

16. Famous Artists & Transformativeness
Van Gogh did studies of other artists works, and appropriation art has been used by other famous artists such as Picasso and Warhol. Would these be considered “Transformative enough” or would they be copyright infringement?
Are famous artists given more leeway?

17. Help or Hindrance?
These derivative works have added to the artistic richness of society. They have had impacts on presidential elections, and they sometimes sell for huge money
Iconic Obama “Hope” poster & Lichtenstein’s “Sleeping Girl” which sold for $45 million at auction

18. What are people saying about it??
Appropriation in Art
Marcel Duchamp
Ethical use?
What is art for?

19. Questions
Do people keep the legal system in mind when distinguishing between an original work of art and one that is appropriated?
Will viewers change their judgements of similarity between original works of art and appropriated imagery due to the level of fame of the artist?

20. What impact does it have?
Today, appropriating, remixing, and sampling images and media is common practice for visual, media, and performance artists, yet such strategies continue to challenge traditional notions of originality and test the boundaries of what it means to be an artist.

21. So what does it mean to be an artist?
What is an original idea?
Why do you think it is important to try and create your "own" art?
Is it ok to be inspired by other art or people?
Are we stealing their ideas, creation?
Does anyone care?
What about copyright?
Intellectual property?
Who does this?
Why?

22. Quote If it isn’t art, then what is it? If it isn’t art, then what is?