1. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 1 LHC GPD Upgrade Status and Plans Dan Tovey University of Sheffield

2. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 2 Introduction Aim is to achieve an ultimate integrated luminosity for each of ATLAS and CMS of 3000fb -1 by 2030. GPDs aim to exploit fully the additional luminosity –Increased search reach –Improved precision measurements of SM and New Physics –Access to new channels and new measurements Requires major upgrades / replacements in both LHC and the experiments –Sub-systems must cope with increased radiation dose and pile-up –Experiments must remain fully functional for 20 years Here: brief incremental summary of major (Intl/UK) developments in past year –Not intended to be a first-principles justification for the projects Many thanks to ATLAS-UK and CMS-UK colleagues for input.

3. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 3 Major Developments 2009/10 20 Nov – 23 Dec : –First physics run at √s = 900 GeV (few hours √s = 2.36 TeV) 16 Dec- 28 Feb: –Winter technical stop Since 30 March: –LHC running at √s = 7 TeV First results shown at summer conferences (PLHC, ICHEP etc.) –Already excellent progress in understanding detectors and rediscovering SM

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6. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 6 Major Developments 2009/10 25-29 Jan 2010, Chamonix: LHC Performance Workshop –Preliminary reassessment of LHC performance projections + schedule post start-up. Post Chamonix –Task forces studying options for machine upgrades –Experiments studying impact on upgrade schedules in close contact with machine June 2010 –CERN Management presents current upgrade planning to SPC / Council –Open meeting presenting plan to community: http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=95580 http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=95580

7. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 7 Current Schedule GPD upgrade programme driven by three major shutdowns Phase-0: 2012 – early 2013, ~15 months duration, ~1 fb -1 accumulated –Machine: finish splice repairs, commissioning for ~ 7 TeV –ATLAS: consolidation and installation of a new forward beam pipe –CMS: consolidation and installation of forward muon systems Phase-1: 2016 +/- 1yr (tbd), ~12 months duration?, 30-50 fb -1 accum. –Machine: LINAC4 + collimation installed to give ~2x10 34 cm -2 s -1 (twice nominal) –ATLAS: IBL and AFP installation, trigger upgrades, muon upgrades –CMS: Install new beam pipe, pixels, trigger, HCAL photodetectors Phase-2: 2020 – mid 2021, 18-20 months duration, 300-400 fb -1 accum. –Machine: new IR quadrupoles and final focus to give 5x10 34 cm -2 s -1 with luminosity levelling to optimise beam lifetime and integrated luminosity. –ATLAS: Replacement tracker, DAQ, trigger upgrades, mini-FCAL? –CMS: Replacement tracker, electronics –NB date includes 1-2 year safety margin for machine tech development

8. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 8 Agreed at the May 2008 Upgrades Workshop http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=28746 Agreed at the May 2008 Upgrades Workshop http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=28746 CMS Upgrade Scope 2012 /2015 2012 /2015 2015 2012 Jordan Nash, SLHC Open Meeting, 23 rd June 2010

9. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 9 UK CMS Upgrade planning Timescales to be consistent with overall CMS plans –see Jordan Nash presentations Major deliverables are still in definition phase but are expected to include important contributions to –Phase I pixel replacement ~2015/2016 –L1 trigger both Phase I and II –Phase II tracker which will follow from R&D activities presently underway –funded until 2012/2013 Financial commitments likely to be a proportionate share of overall CMS upgrade costs –including proper allowance for staff effort and common fund for infrastructure –UK is ~5% of CMS G HallPPAP July 20109 NB Physics driven, as well as based on technical expertise Geoff Hall

10. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 10 UK strengths in CMS Significant expertise and past CMS experience in –ASIC design and general electronics expertise –High speed digital hardware design –Firmware –Online software (+ computing & offline almost self-evident!) –with good external collaborations in all areas, as well as within UK R&D activities –Simulations of tracker and trigger design –Phase II tracker readout system (CBC ASIC and off-detector hardware) –High bandwidth and speed FPGA-based trigger processor hardware, where prototypes are similar (5-10 Gbps data links, processing) to Tracker requirements These will provide foundations for Phase I requests –A possible interest for Phase I is pixel module assembly –Profit from sub-detector assembly experience G HallPPAP July 201010 Geoff Hall

11. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 11 Summary of ATLAS Schedule MilestoneDate Straw Man & options fixedDec 2006 R&D towards inner detector conceptual design2007-2011 Letter of IntentDec 2010 Technical Proposal, Initial MoU and CostingApril 2013 New Insertable B-layer InstallationEnd 2014 Inner Tracker TDRDec 2014 Production readiness reviews and ramp up production2015 Procure parts, Component assembly2015 – 2017 Surface assemblySeptember 2017 - end 2018 Surface testing2019 LHC stop for accelerator upgradeDec 2019 Remove old detectors, install new onesJan 2020 - Mar 2021 Commission new detectorsApr 2021 - Jun 2021 Take dataJuly 2021 http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/UPGRADES/

12. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 12 ATLAS-UK Upgrade Status Phase-2 upgrades (esp. replacement tracker) required for 2020 installation –Much harsher environment  greater demands –New system, much greater complexity, detector area, data rates, numbers of channels, radiation tolerance requirements –Experience suggests ten years only just sufficient to complete R&D and prototyping, construct, integrate and install ATLAS-UK phase-2 tracker upgrade R&D project 2007-10 New “ATLAS Upgrade” project bid submitted to PPRP Oct 2009 –Phase-2 tracker (pixels and strips) pre-production and prototyping, plus: –Construction of 420 m detectors (ATLAS-FP) –Construction of new Phase-1 B-layer (IBL) –Phase-1 & 2 trigger upgrades (L1Calo, L1Track, HLT) –Software/computing development for Phase-1/2 PPRP Visiting Panels Dec 2009 / Jan 2010 –Awaiting decision from STFC  bridging funds Long-term: UK ~10% ATLAS  aim for similar contribution to upgrade and associated physics programme

13. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 13 ATLAS-FP Detect centrally / diffractively produced objects via forward proton tagging Hamburg pipe allows sensors close to beam Steve Watts

14. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 14 ATLAS-FP What do we have to do for AFP ?? Finish R&D. FE-I4 based tracker. (benefits from Pixel R&D). Build a pre-production Hamburg Pipe and tracker. Start production – need TP/TDR approval. 2010/11Design and build of pre-production Hamburg Pipe. Complete R&D required to finalise the Tracker Design. Safety Review and Radiation Review. AFP Technical Report submitted to ATLAS by end of 2010/ early 2011. 2011Bump bond FE-I4 sensors for pre-production tracker. Build and test the pre-production tracker and assemble with a Hamburg pipe and 8 metre prototype. 2012/13Install cables during 2012 LHC shutdown. Install Hamburg Pipe at 220 m with background monitoring detectors. Beam test and commissioning of pre-production system. Finish by early 2013. 2013/15Build, install and commission production trackers and full systems. Systems will be stored and installed when LHC schedule permits. Steve Watts

15. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 15 ATLAS IBL Improves ATLAS vertexing Backup in case of problems with current b-layers TDR being prepared (in mature state) Add new b-layer around a smaller beam pipe, stave structure, 160 MHz readout, CO 2 cooling ATLAS Existing b-layer New b-layer UK leads post-irradiation and test- beam studies of the two front- running pixel technologies: planar and 3D silicon. Synergy with phase-2 pixel programme

16. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 16 ATLAS Phase-2 Tracker Layout proposal under study Pixels at small radii, strips further out UK leadership on short strip module and overall tracker optimisation –Stave geometry in barrel (petals in forward region) UK also proposing to contribute to forward pixel disks –Builds on pixel expertise Further areas of UK leadership include: –Sensors –Irradiation –Modules and Mechanics –Cooling –Opto-electronics and DAQ UK vital to success of project

17. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 17 1.2m Stave: Hybrids glued to Sensors glued to Bus Tape glued to Cooling Substrate 1.2m1.2m Glue

18. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 18 ATLAS Phase-2 Tracker: Radiation For strips 3000fb -1 ×2 implies survival required up to 1 – 1.3×10 14 n eq /cm 2 At inner pixel radii - target survival to 1-2×10 16 n eq /cm 2

19. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 19 ATLAS Trigger Vital to improve rejection in presence of heavy pile-up Phase-1: –Improved L1Calo using event topological information –HLT upgraded to use FTK output (hw tracking at L1.5 + further sw & farms optimisation Phase-2: –L1Calo receives digital read-out, finer granularity, improved topology –New L1Track trigger  requires close contact with tracker development –Further HLT sw & farms optimisation L1Track system layout L1Calo system layout w/ topo processor

20. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 20 ATLAS Computing Upgrades Motivations: –Requirements for the other Upgrade projects –Growing scale of ATLAS computing with data –Evolving Computing technology Drivers –Increasing CPU need –Increasing memory demands per processor –Increasing bandwidth through processor Parallelism –Memory optimization –Event level parallelism –Job level parallelism/hyperthreading –Pinning UK leads Inner Detector upgrade simulation (first to be ready) UK leads radiation environment simulation Organization –UK led activity areas –Near-term optimization –Longer term parallelization –Code for upgrade detector simulation –Code for large pile-up –Realistic radiation environment Vital underway R&D for future work: –CPU,GPU  APU –Tracking code on Fermi GPU, trigger code test example –Close co-operation with NVidia 48 core Single Chip Cloud Dec 09

21. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 21 Conclusions Many developments in past year: –Scientific: LHC is running! –Schedule: response to machine developments (but not as great as some might have thought) –Funding: New bids, STFC uncertainty –Technological: better understanding of challenges and solutions Scientific case unchanged Continuing STFC support crucial for future of energy frontier PP in UK.

22. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 22 General Purpose Detectors

23. Dan Tovey PPAP Jamboree July 2010 23 n-in-p Planar FZ Irradiations 23 900V 500V Strip Doses Pixel Doses