1. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) NC Earth Science Essential Standards EEn. 1.1 – Explain the Earth’s role as a body in Space. EEn. 1.1.1 Explain the Earth’s motion through space, including precession, nutation, the barycenter, and its path about the galaxy. EEn. 1.1.2 Explain how the Earth’s rotation and revolution about the Sun affect its shape and is related to seasons and tides. EEn. 1.1.3 Explain how the sun produces energy, which is transferred to the Earth by radiation. EEn. 1.1.4 Explain how incoming solar energy makes life possible on Earth. UCP.1, UCP.2; A.1, A.2; B.2, B.6; C.3, C.4; D.1, D.2, D.3, D.4; E.1, E.2; G.1, G.2, G.3; [National Science Content Standards:]

2. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Objective: Explain the Earth’s role as a body in Space. Reading Assignment: Read Chapters 1; pages 4-19 Vocabulary: Astronomy Meteorology Geology Oceanography Lithosphere Asthenosphere Hydrosphere Atmosphere Biosphere Environmental Science

3. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Introduction to Earth Science

4. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Grand Staircase, Escalante Wilderness, Utah El Caracol, an observatory built by the ancient Maya of Central America, oldest known observatories in the Americas. What is Earth Science? Earth Science is the scientific study of Earth and the universe around it. Scientist believe that natural events, or phenomena, can be explained through careful observation and experimentation.

5. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Understanding the physics and chemistry of the Earth… Mount St. Helens ( Mr. Weidinger, EWHS, Goldsboro, NC)

6. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Understanding the processes that take place on and within the Earth …

7. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Understanding the history of the Earth To understand how the Earth operates and how it will respond to the influence of humans in the future, it is critical to understand how it has behaved in the past.

8. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Understanding how the Earth will behave in the future… Melting ice caps Global warming

9. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Understanding how to find and manage the Earth’s natural resources on which our society depends.

10. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Understanding the nature of our own back yard...

11. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Branches of Earth Science

12. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Astronomy The scientific study of the universe beyond Earth. Astronomy is one of the oldest branches of Earth science. In fact, the ancient Babylonians charted the positions of planets and stars nearly 4,000 years ago.

13. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Meteorology The scientific study of the Earth’s atmosphere, especially in relation to weather and climate. Meteorologists use satellites, radar, and other technologies to study atmospheric conditions that produce weather. Others continue to use observations from the wind speed, wind direction, temperature, dew point, humidity, barometric pressure, and rainfall to predict or forecast the weather.

14. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Oceanography The scientific study of the oceans Including the properties and movements of ocean water, the characteristics of the ocean floor, And the organisms that live in the ocean. Oceanographers work from land or on research ships with special instruments for studying the waves, tides, ocean currents, and the ocean floor to obtain clues to the Earth’s history or to locate mineral deposits.

15. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Geology The scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of the Earth and the processes that shape Earth. Geologists explore Earth’s crust for deposits of coal, oil, gas, and other natural resources. They study the forces within Earth to predict earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, in addition to studying fossils in order to learn about the Earth’s past. Reference: Holt (2010) Ch1.1, pg 5-8

16. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Environmental Science The relatively new field of science, in order to study the ways in which humans interact with the environment. Many fields of study, such as Earth science, biology, and the social sciences, contribute to environmental science. The goal of environmental science is to understand and solve problems that result from how we use natural resources and how our actions affect the environment.

17. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Subspecialties of Earth Science 1.Climatology – Study of Weather Patterns 2.Paleontology – Study of Fossils 3.Hydrology – Study of Earth’s Waters 4.Ecology – Study of Habitats of Organisms 5.Geochemistry – Study of Earth’s Composition 6. Tectonics – Study of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and internal plate movements

18. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Why is Earth Science Important? By understanding how natural forces shape our environment, Earth scientists can better predict:

19. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Earth’s Systems

20. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Atmosphere Is the gaseous layer that surrounds the Earth Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere + = 1% = 99%

21. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Hydrosphere Part of the Earth that is composed of water: oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, glacier, and atmosphere Artesian wells are examples of groundwater Water makes up 70% of Earth’s surface; 97% of this water is contained in the salty oceans. Remaining 3% is fresh water found in lakes, rivers, streams, glaciers, polar ice sheets, and underground in soil and rock.

22. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Lithosphere or Geosphere This sphere includes all of the rock and soil on the surface of the continents and on the ocean floor. And includes the solid and molten interior of Earth.

23. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) The asthenosphere is a partially molten layer that behaves like a soft plastic. The asthenosphere is located underneath the lithosphere and is about 400-700 kilometers underneath the earth's surface. Lithosphere & Asthenosphere

24. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Biosphere The Biosphere is composed of all of the forms of life in the lithosphere, in the hydrosphere, and in the atmosphere. The biosphere is also contains any organic matter that has not decomposed. (extends from deepest parts of the ocean to few kilometers above Earth’s surface)

25. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Earth’s systems (spheres) are interdependent. Meaning they are interact with each other. If something impacts one system it will have some type of impact on the others.

26. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1)

27. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Textbook Appendix Contents, pg 908

28. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Appendix A pg 909 International System of Units Appendix B pg 910 Safety in the Laboratory

29. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Appendix C pg 912 Physiographic Map of the Earth Appendix D pg 914 Topographic Map Symbols

30. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Appendix E pg 915 Weather Map Symbols Appendix F pg 916 Relative Humidity

31. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Appendix G pg 917 Periodic Table of the Elements Appendix H pg 918 Minerals

32. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Appendix I pg 920 Rocks Appendix J pg 921 Solar System Charts

33. Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn 1.1.1 (Chapter 1) Appendix K pg 922 Star Charts