1. Energy Study Guide

2. Potential energy is energy that is stored

3. 2. Kinetic energy depends on mass and velocity.

4. 3. A skydiver with a mass of 60kg jumps out of an airplane at a height of 5,000m. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8m/s². What is the gravitational potential energy of the skydiver? What is the equation? 2,940,000J

5. 4. The sun’s energy comes from nuclear energy.

6. 5. Sunlight is a form of electromagnetic energy.

7. 6. A girl throws a ball 15m into the air. The ball has the maximum potential energy at a height of 15m

8. 7. A pendulum set in motion eventually stops because friction transforms the mechanical energy to thermal energy.

9. 8. An electric blanket transforms electrical energy to thermal energy

10. 9. The formula Weight X Height is used to calculate gravitational potential energy.

11. 10. A 2-kg object moving at a speed of 4 m/s has a kinetic energy of (what is the equation?) 16 J

12. 11. A moving object can do work so it has _________energy. kinetic

13. 12. Elastic potential energy is associated with objects that can be ________. stretch or compressed

14. 13. The energy an object has due to its motion is called _______energy. kinetic

15. 14. Plants transform electromagnetic energy to ______energy. chemical

16. 15. The energy stored in fossil fuels is released by ________. burning or combustion

17. 16. Work is the transfer of energy. true

18. 17. Potential energy that depends on height is gravitational potential energy. true

19. 18. A pendulum has maximum kinetic energy at the bottom of its swing. true

20. 19. The law of conservation of energy states that when one form of energy is transformed to another, no energy is destroyed. true

21. 20. Power is the rate at which energy is transferred. true

22. Essay: Explain how fossil fuels can contain energy that came from the sun and draw a diagram showing nuclear energy starting from the sun to drying your clothes.

23. When the energy from the sun reaches Earth, plants, algae, and some bacteria transform the light energy to chemical energy through photosynthesis. As animals eat the plants, some of this chemical energy is stored and some is transformed to mechanical or thermal energy. When ancient animals and plants died, the chemical energy was trapped within them. This is the energy found in fossil fuels.