1. FIRST AID NOTES 8th grade Health

2. 4 Ways Identify and Respond to an Emergency 1. UNUSUAL SIGHTS Blood Smoke or fire Broken items People milling around 2. UNUSUAL APPEARANCES OR BEHAVIORS A person who: Is noticeably uncomfortable. Is clutching his/her throat Is unconscious Appears to be confused or drowsy for unknown reasons. Has trouble breathing.

3. 3. UNUSUAL ODORS The unusual odor of a person’s breath. Gasoline Natural gas Smoke An unrecognizable smell 4. UNUSUAL NOISES Screaming Sudden silence for infants or children An explosion Items falling Glass breaking Tires screeching/metal crashing

4. The Emergency Action Steps CHECK-the scene for safety, then CHECK the person for life threatening conditions. CALL-911 or the local emergency number. CARE-for the ill or injured person. Use Universal Precautions.

5. Key Points about Good Samaritan Laws All states have Good Samaritan Laws. They protect you if: -You act in good faith -Are not negligent -Act within the scope of your training

6. Consent You must obtain consent to help an ill or injured person. If a person refuses care, call 911. If the person is a minor, get consent from a parent or guardian. To obtain consent: – State your name. – Tell the person you are trained in first aid. – Ask the person if you can help. – Explain what you think may be wrong. – Explain what you plan to do.

7. Implied Consent If a person who is unconscious, confused, or seriously ill may not be able to grant consent. In such cases, consent is implied. Implied consent means that a person would agree to the care if he/she could. Implied consent for a child means that the parent or guardian would agree for care to be given to them. Be sure to notify a parent/guardian as soon as possible.

8. When you are faced with immediate danger. When you have to get to another person. Who may have a more serious problem. When it is necessary to give proper care. When to move on an ill or injured person

9. How to Move an Ill/Injured Walking Assist Pack-Strap Carry Two-Person Seat Carry Clothes Drag Blanket Drag Foot Drag

10. Shock By Mayo Clinic staff Shock may result from trauma, heatstroke, allergic reactions, severe infection, poisoning or other causes. Various signs and symptoms appear in a person experiencing shock: The skin is cool and clammy. It may appear pale or gray. The pulse is weak and rapid. Breathing may be slow and shallow, or hyperventilation (rapid or deep breathing) may occur. Blood pressure is below normal. The eyes lack luster and may seem to stare. Sometimes the pupils are dilated. The person may be conscious or unconscious. If conscious, the person may feel faint or be very weak or confused. Shock sometimes causes a person to become overly excited and anxious. If you suspect shock, even if the person seems normal after an injury: Dial 911 or call your local emergency number. Have the person lie down on his or her back with feet higher than the head. Keep the person still. Check for signs of circulation (breathing, coughing or movement). If absent, begin CPR. Keep the person warm and comfortable. Loosen belt(s) and tight clothing and cover the person with a blanket. Even if the person complains of thirst, give nothing by mouth. Turn the person on his or her side to prevent choking if the person vomits or bleeds from the mouth. Seek treatment for injuries, such as bleeding or broken bones.

11. LIFE THREATENING CONDITIONS Unconsciousness Not breathing or having trouble breathing. Choking Persistent chest pain No signs of life (normal breathing or movement) Severe bleeding Severe burns Shock Seizures- that recur, last more than 5 minutes, result from injury or involve someone pregnant, diabetic, or a person who fails to regain consciousness after a seizure.