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Chapter 5c
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Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to: Configure IP addresses Identify & select valid IP addresses for networks Configure a DHCP server Configure a host to use DHCP for configuration Troubleshoot & resolve IP addresses configuration and communication issues Configure DNS addresses Configure an IPv6 address
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1.3 Install and configure the following networking services/applications DHCP Static vs dynamic IP addressing Reservations Scopes Leases Options (DNS servers, suffixes) IP helper/DHCP relay DNS DNS servers DNS records (A, MX, AAAA, CNAME, PTR) Dynamic DNS
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5.3
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IP configuration used to be manual Assign IP, SM, DG, DNS DHCP takes care of that At home, your router is a DHCP server At work, you may have a dedicated DHCP server Used for general purpose/PC devices Static addressing for routers, switches, printers, Internet-accessible devices DHCP addresses are leased for a time period
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Watch Professor Messer Video DHCP Addressing Overview 5:15 TestOut 5.3.1- Watch the video/script TestOut 5.3.2- Configure a DHCP Server Lab
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Dynamic Allocation Sever has a pool of addresses DHCP Servers use dynamic allocation Keeps a list of what MAC addresses used each IP address You’ll get the same IP address next time Static Allocation You configure an IP address for a specific device (printers, switches, router ports) via MAC DHCP Reservations 3:16
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The pool of addresses you tell it to give out Along with the SM, DG, DNS server address, lease duration, etc. DHCP Scopes 2:10
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Allocated/assigned a lease time If you reboot, it forgets & then requests an IP Reallocation (remember DHCP server keeps list) Lease starts over Timers T1 Checks in with DHCP server to renew lease (still in use) at 50% of lease time T2 If DHCP server lost, it will check in at 7/8 time to hopefully update the time & renew DHCP Leases 4:09
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Stuff in addition to IP SM, DG, DNS, lease time Other options include VoIP settings Such as the Call Server IP address for the phone DHCP Options 2:46
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TestOut 5.3.3- Watch the video/script TestOut 5.3.4- Configure DHCP Options Lab
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TestOut 5.3.5- Create DHCP Exclusions Lab TestOut 5.3.6- Create DHCP Client Reservations Lab TestOut 5.3.7- Watch the video/script TestOut 5.3.8- Configure a DHCP Client Lab TestOut 5.3.10- Practice Questions
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5.4
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Your DHCP server may be on another subnet Or a backup DHCP server is on another subnet Broadcasts DO NOT pass routers DHCP uses broadcasts (255.255.255.255) DHCP relay Configured on router to pass these broadcasts
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TestOut 5.4.1- Watch the video/script TestOut 5.4.3- Configure a DHCP Relay Agent Lab TestOut 5.4.4- Add a DHCP Server on Another Subnet Lab TestOut 5.4.5- Practice Questions
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5.5
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Each host is assigned a number (IP address) It’s easier to remember names though Originally, each device had a simple text hosts file that mapped names to numbers It had to be on each device List got to big Hard to update
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Servers that translates names to IP addresses DNS servers know some, forward rest to higher authority DNS servers The main DNS servers are called Root Servers Other companies & ISPs have their own DNS servers that connect to the Root Servers Your PC connects to a DNS server (usually your ISPs) Root Servers
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Go to a website Checks DNS cache 1 st Not there? Go to your DNS server Not there? It queries the next higher DNS server
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Nslookup Get in the mode and then enter domain Ipconfig /displaydns Displays cached DNS Ipconfig /flushdns Removes all cached DNS entries
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Use nslookup, displaydns, flushdns DNS Overview 6:28
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Root domain Top-level domain (TLD) Fully qualified domain name (FQDN) Records Authoritative server
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DNS server has many records to resolve names Records include name field (domain name), address, type field (type of resource, usually Internet) Common types of DNS records: TypeDescription AA host’s IPv4 address AAAAA host’s IPv6 address MXMail Server NSAuthoritative Name Server CNAMEAnother name for a host/ Alias DNS Records 5:53
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.edu,.org, and.gov are all what kind of domains? Top-level domains What kind of server is being used if you have to add an MX record to the DNS settings? Mail server A host has been assigned an IP address of 169.254.0.1. What kind of address is this? APIPA
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Unit 5c DHCP/DNS Packet Tracer Lab
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Lab 10.2.2.7 Configure static & dynamic DHCP Configure a DNS Server
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TestOut 5.5.1- Watch the video/script TestOut 5.5.2- Watch the video/script TestOut 5.5.4- Configure DNS Addresses Lab TestOut 5.5.5- Create Standard DNS Zones Lab TestOut 5.5.6- Create Reverse DNS Zones Lab TestOut 5.5.7- Create Host Records Lab TestOut 5.5.8- Create CNAME Records Lab TestOut 5.5.9- Troubleshoot DNS Records Lab TestOut 5.5.10- Practice Questions
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Chapter 5c
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