1. Trend of Mobility Management Yen-Wen Chen Ref: 1.Draft IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Media Independent Handover Services 2.Transport of Media Independent Handover Messages Over IP -- draft-rahman-mipshop-mih-transport- 01.txt 3.Handoff for Multi-interfaced 802 Mobile Devices – IEEE P802 ECSG

2. Content Overview of Mobility Management Media Independent Handover – 802.21 Standard Overview Operational

3. Overview of Mobility Management Mobility management includes: Location management Handover management Why to handover? When to handover? Which to handover to? Issues considered in handover Latency QoS Network resource utilization

4. Overview of Mobility Management Purposes of FMIPv6 and HMIPv6 FMIPv6  to reduce the handover latency HMIPv6  to reduce the handover frequency Traditional operation scenario of handover Scan for target Decide the target Decide the timing of handover Execute the handover Individual View!! Not Global View

5. How Does MN with Multiple Interfaces Help? Initiate/Comple te handoff while traversing in the overlapping area AR Internet AR  Acquire new CoA  Initiate handover AP  Probe  Authenticate Associate How big is the overlapping area to be useful & practical?

6. Handoff Distance Definition: distance traversed by a MN from acquiring a new CoA or initiation L2 handoff to completion of the handoff – handoff scheme (route optimization) – Processing (non-transport related) delay Function of –End-to-end delay –User speed –Packet loss rate

7. L3 Handoff Distance Handoff Distance (in meters) Max MN Moving Speed w/o route optimization Max MN Moving Speed with route optimization 10 Km 60 Km 120 Km 180 Km 10 Km 60 Km 120 Km 180 Km Max one- way packet delay 50 ms 75 ms 115 ms 0.6 (m) 3.36.710.0 1.4 (m) 8.316.725.0 0.85.010.015.02.112.525.037.5 1.37.715.323.03.219.238.457.5 For 99.9+% Packet Delivery

8. L2 Handoff (Generic) MNAP’s within range Probe Request Probe Responses Probe Request Probe Responses Authentication New AP current AP Send Security Block Re-association Request Re-association Response Rcv. Security Block Move Request Move Response Probe Authentication Re-association Initiated outside overlapping area completed inside overlapping area

9. L2 Handoff Distance 40.026.713.32.4 (m) L2 Handoff Distance (in meters) 180 Km/h 120 Km/h 60 Km/h 10 Km/h Max MN Moving Speed For 99.9+% Packet Delivery

10. IEEE 802.21 – Media Independent Handover (MIH) IEEE 802.21 is initiated to develop a specification that provides link layer intelligence and other related network information to upper layers to optimize handovers between heterogeneous media. The IEEE 802.21 standard supports cooperative use of both mobile nodes and network infrastructure.

11. The Use Case My Desk Undocked & walking around Headed out of the building 802.3 802.11 802.16 Internet

12. Multi-Radio Networking Evolution Multiple Wireless Technologies More Capable Devices Evolving Usage Models Multi-radio operation is becoming the Norm…

13. Types of Handovers Homogeneous (Horizontal) Handovers Within Single Network (Localized Mobility) 802.11r, 802.16e, 3GPP, 3GPP2 Limited opportunities Heterogeneous (Vertical) Handovers Across Different Networks (Global Mobility) More Opportunities IEEE 802.21 is primarily for Vertical Handovers ….can also be used for Homogeneous Handovers

14. General for 802.21 Handover Initiation Handover Preparation Handover Execution Search New Link Network Discovery Network Selection Handover Negotiation Setup New Link Layer 2 Connectivity IP Connectivity Transfer Connection Handover Signaling Context Transfer Packet Reception IEEE 802.21 helps with Handover Initiation, Network Selection and Interface Activation Need for Handovers Scope of 802.21

15. Handover Standards IEEE 802.11r 802.16e 3GPP/2 VCC I-WLAN SAE-LTE Horizontal Handovers Inter-working & Handover Signaling IEEE 802.21 Provides 802 component to other Handover Standards IETF MIP FMIP SIP HIP NETLMM DNA MIPSHOP Need for Handovers IP Mobility & Handover Signaling

16. IEEE 802.21 Standard Media Independent Handover Services Optimize Layer 3 and above Handovers Across 802 Networks and extend to Cellular Networks (802.3 <> 802.11 <> 802.16 <> Cellular) Key Benefits Optimum Network Selection Seamless Roaming to Maintain Connections Lower Power operation for Multi-Radio devices

17. MIH Architecture

18. MIH Function Services Event Service: changes/prediction in state and transmission behavior of the physical, data link and logical link layer management actions or command status on the network Command Service: control the lower layers the reconfiguration or selection of an appropriate link through a set of handover commands Information Service: discover and obtain network information existing within a geographical area to facilitate the handovers The information may be present in some information server from where the MIH Function in the station may access it

19. Logical Reference Model of 802.21

20. 802.16 Transport for MIH Generic MAC Mgmt message is defined for MIH ( MOB-MIH_MSG) MIH Frame is conveyed through the Generic MAC management message Use MIH Ethertype 802.16 Amendments

21. 3G WWAN MxN – Mixed-Network Client Use CaseHome Airport Zone 1Zone 2Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zone 7Zone 9 WiMAX Zone 8 WiMAX Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS IEEE 802.21 for Network Discovery IEEE 802.21, SIP, VCC, IMS, for Network Selection and Service Continuity across multiple radios (3G WWAN  Wi-Fi  WiMAX) 802.21, SIP, IMS for Service Continuity (Wi-Fi  WiMAX) VCC, SIP, IMS for Call Continuity (3G WWAN  Wi-Fi) Plug into power jack Wakeup Wi-Fi Continue over Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Link Going Down. Operator initiated switch to WiMAX Continue session on WiMAX Shutdown Wi-Fi Connect to Wi-Fi Battery level low Shutdown WiMAX Switch to 3G WWAN Wakeup Wi-Fi Continue session on Wi-Fi Operating on 3G WWAN Continue session on 3G WWAN

22. LLC/ CS MAC PHY 3 GPP 3 2 Interface MAC PHY Media Independent Handover Function (Network) ES CS IS 802 Interface Client Station 802 Networks 3GPP 3 2 Network MIH Network Entity (. e.g ).MIH Server Controller Media Independent Handover Function (Client) Information Service over L2 Transport Remote MIH Events over L2 Transport Higher Layer Transport (E.g.,IP) IS / CS / ES over Higher Layer Transport Higher Layer Transport LLC/ CS Higher Layer Transport L2/ Co-located with MIH MGMT E v e n t s ES CS IS E v e n t s E v e n t s E v e n t s Media Independent Handover User Media Independent Handover User IS: Information Service CS: Command Service ES: Event Service LLC: Logical link controller ES CS IS Information Repository 802.21 Services

23. MIH Communication Model Communication Reference Point CommentsTransport Scope 802.21 R1, R2 Between MIH on a UE and MIH PoS on serving/candidate PoA. Usually L2Yes R3 Between the MIH on a UE and an MIH PoS on a non-PoA network entity Usually L3Yes R4 Between MIH PoS and a non-PoS MIH Function instance in distinct Network entities Usually L3Yes R5 Between MIH PoS and another MIH PoS instance in distinct Network entities Usually L3Yes Serving PoA R3 R1 R2 R4 MIH PoS Network Side Client Side R4 R5 Candidate PoA Non PoA Network Entity Non PoA Network Entity MIH PoS MIH UE/MN PoA:L2 Point of Attachment (AP/BS) PoS: Point of Service MN: Mobile Node UE: User Equipment MIH: Media Independent Handover