1. Clean Water https://www.google.com/search?q=clean+water+act&hl=en&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=kN09UbX3A9KC0QH1- YHwBw&ved=0CAoQ_AUoAQ&biw=1024&bih=653#hl=en&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=GLASS+OF+WATER&oq=GLASS+OF+WATER&gs_l=img.3..0l10.51710.53677.2.53784.14.9.0.5.5.0.135.748.7j2.9.0...0.0...1c.1.5.img._es_wtPpsAo&bav=on.2,or.r_qf.&bvm=bv.4328 7494,d.dmQ&fp=ea3115b4f4159663&biw=1024&bih=653&imgrc=DNjdy5RwiujOiM%3A%3B58MvGx1LeuiueM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252F3.bp.blogspot.com%252F- BFiAifTZx8k%252FTyX9qh8LDhI%252FAAAAAAAAAH0%252Fyfcx6UOGwxk%252Fs1600%252Fglass-of-water.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fkarenwaters-foreveryoung.blogspot.com%252F2012%252F01%252Ftake-your-vitamins.html%3B404%3B640

2. Fresh water can contain a variety of harmful substances and organisms naturally or due to pollution from humans. Concentration: the amount of a substance that is in another substance.

3. Water Quality standards Standards set by a government agency called the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Standards include: – Harmful organisms that can cause disease – Safe levels of copper and other metals – Variety of chemicals & harmful radioactive materials Sanitation: the removal of waste from water in order to make it drinkable

4. SubstanceCommon SourceMaximum Allowed, parts per million CopperNatural deposits; household products1.3 CyanideVarious factories0.2 LeadNatural deposits; household pipes0.015 MercuryNatural deposits; refineries and factories; land fills; crop fields 0.0002 NitrateWater running off fertilized fields; sewage leaks; natural deposits 1 EPA Standards for Substances in Water

5. Water Treatment Plant Water is filtered and treated with chemicals to remove harmful substances and kill organisms. Major steps: 1. Chemical disinfection 2. Removal of dirt Water Treatment Plant Animation

6. Wastewater Treatment Wastewater: Water that runs down the drain and needs to be treated before being released to the environment. Ways of treating wastewater: 1. Sewage System 2. Septic Systems

7. Sewage System A system that collects and treats wastewater from a city or a town. Pipes carry wastewater from homes & businesses to a water treatment plant.

8. Sewage System Steps: 1. Wastewater is strained to remove large objects 2. Water is pumped into a tank; heaviest sludge sinks to bottom 3. Sludge is taken away to decompose in another tank. 4. Chlorine is then added to the water to kill bacteria. 5. Extra oxygen is pumped into the wastewater. Oxygen causes the bacteria to grow in large numbers. 6. Grease is skimmed off the top 7. Chemicals clean the water one more time and remove any extra chlorine.

9. Septic System Water treatment for single home A small wastewater system used by a home or a business. Steps: 1. Wastewater is carried out through a pipe to an underground tank away from the house. 2. Sludge (thicker material) settles to the bottom Sludge is consumed by natural bacteria.

10. Water shortages

11. It’s a Global Problem! As cities grow there is a greater need for water. What do we need water for?

12. What causes water shortages? Drought: a long period of abnormally low rainfall. -Destroys crops and dries up water supplies. -Severe droughts can dry out entire forests, which leads to wildfires. Mississippi River

13. Overuse Pumping water out of an aquifer faster than it can be replenished, may result in the amount of water available being reduced. Draining an aquifer can destroy the storage space because the ground can settle & close up the space. What causes water shortages?