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Acknowledgments The researcher acknowledges Davidson Honors College for their generous endowment of a research scholarship and UM Sociology Department Chair Kathy Kuipers for overseeing the project. Introduction Occupational segregation, otherwise known as job typing, refers to the concentration of different demographic groups in specific occupations based on characteristics such as race, age, or gender. The practice of occupational segregation has the potential to contribute to unequal representation of women in a variety of work settings as well as the gender-wage gap. The investigator in this study was interested in discovering how occupational segregation occurs with gender by finding out what types of attitudes surround gender women in the work place. Abstract The objective of this research project was to measure attitudes associated with occupational segregation by gender. Specifically, the researcher sought to find out how subjects participating in the study engaged in job typing along gender lines. To do so, the researcher utilized qualitative methods in a lab setting. These methods included asking female subjects to view photographs of men and women in occupation-specific attire and situations and write a short response to the photos. In one condition, subjects viewed two photographs of men in female-dominated work settings, in another they viewed females in female-dominated work settings, in yet another they viewed males in male-dominated settings, and in the final condition, subjects viewed females in male-dominated work settings. The responses given were put through data-mining software to parse the language and discourse surrounding gender in the workplace. In doing so, the researcher aimed to find what kind of patterns in language surrounding gender and career expectations emerged. This component of the research method aided the researcher in uncovering what kinds of responses are elicited when a woman is seen in a traditionally male-dominated career track. Once this test was administered, subjects were asked to complete a brief questionnaire with items to identify their areas of study, political orientations, and socioeconomic backgrounds. The questionnaires and the responses were compared to see if any outstanding relationships between the subjects' backgrounds and their responses to the photo arrays emerged. This research contributes to existing research by seeing what kind of attitudes and justification exist for occupational segregation within the female population. This might help us understand what kind of messages about gender and work are being circulated in our society today. In undertaking this research, we hoped to find out what kind of attitudes might affect career outcomes for women at a fundamental level. Materials and Methods Research was conducted in a lab setting with the research participant pool consisting primarily of female college freshman aged 18-20 years of age. Participants were asked to view photographs of men and women in occupation-specific settings and/or attire and write a brief response to the photographs. Photographs varied depending on the condition to which the participants were randomly assigned. Participants were asked to fill out a brief questionnaire asking them about their attitudes toward gender and work, the importance of peer and familial support networks, as well as background information about their parent’s occupations and educational levels. Responses were put through software designed to look for language patterns and the recurrence of words and phrases to see what kind of patterns emerged. A Qualitative Analysis on Language and Discourse in Occupational Segregation Along a Gender Dimension Christine BilunkaSociology, University of Montana. Figure 1.1: Distribution of full time wage and salary employment References Figure 1.1. Bureau of Labor and Statistics. (2013). Distribution of full-time wage and salary employment, by sex and major occupational group, 2012 annual averages [Online image]. Retrieved March 31, 2014 from http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpswom2012.pdf
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