1. Genome evolution course The architecture of the human genome Dr. Itai Yanai TA: Gal Avital E-mail: gavital@tx.technion.ac.il Reception hours: Sunday 16:30-17:30 Emerson 4 th floor, Yanai labgavital@tx.technion.ac.il

2. Course information: Final grade will be determined based on: 60% final exam 30% home work assignment (7 total) 10% participation and bonus questions Home work assignments will be submitted to the MOODLE before the beginning of class.

3. Basic terms: Heredity- The transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring. Genome- A complete set of an organism hereditary information. Chromosome- The structure of the DNA and associated proteins that carries the hereditary information. Gene- A molecular unit of heredity. Allele- A variant of a gene.

4. Genomic structure: HumanE-coli Griswold, A. (2008) Nature Education Wippold et al. (2007) AJNR

5. Chromosome structure: Telomere Centromere P-arm Q-arm

6. Chromosome packing: Essential Cell Biology 2 nd edition

7. Giemsa stain- Chromosomal bands Is the banding pattern indicative?

8. Chromosomal bands: G/R bands G-band R-band GC content AT GC Genes Poor Rich Chromatin Heterochromatin Euchromatin

9. Chromosomal Evolution- Human Vs. Chimpanzees Modified from James R 2010

10. Chromosomal Evolution Fusion or fission? Modified from Yunis, J. J., Prakash, O. (1982) Science

11. Human genome

12. ENCODE project Gene structure

13. Bacterial genes 5’ 3’ RNA 5’3’ DNA Lac I Lac Z Lac Y Lac A Promoter/operator

14. Alternative splicing 5’3’ DNA 5’ 3’ Pre-mRNA

15. Search engines for research articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed http://scholar.google.com/

16. PubMed

18. Google Scholar

21. Summary/Abstract: The main findings of the paper Introduction: Scientific background and working hypothesis

22. Materials and methods: How was the work done? Results: The new findings Figures and legends Displaying the new findings

23. References: Every statement has a reference

24. Critical reading: Title Abstract Introduction Figures and legend (without reading the results section!) Results Discussion What is the main question? What method did the authors use to answer the question? Did we understand the main results? Is our interpretation similar to the authors’? Have the authors answered the main question?