1. Chapter 12 Transformation Around the World
World History

2. China Resist Outside Influence
Chapter 12 Section 1
China Resist Outside Influence

3. China and the West China able to resist due to self-sufficiency
The tea-opium connection
Opium use was medical until Europeans brought in opium for non-medical use
The Opium Wars
Led to British Control of Hong Kong
Extraterritorial trade ports

5. Growing Internal Problems
Problems with population growth – food shortage
Taiping Rebellion – Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace
Fueding in the government led to constant fighting over 20 million died

6. Foreign Influence Grows
Resistance to change – most people supported traditional ways
Many European countries and Japan gained strong footholds in China
Sphere of influence – area in which foreigners controlled trade & investment
Led to the Open Door Policy

7. Chinese Nationalism
Humiliated with loss of power Guangxu wants modernizes China
This threatens Qing power they arrest Guangxu
The Boxer Rebellion – “Death to the foreign Devils” attack on Beijing, led o feelings of nationalism
Led to restructuring of government

8. Modernization in Japan
Chapter 12 Section 2
Modernization in Japan

9. Japan ends Isolation
Japan remained isolated until visit of Matthew Perry – threatened Tokugawa shogunate for free trade b/t US and Japan
Meiji Reforms (modernization)– copied British Navy and German military and industry and US education system
Japan became competitive with the West

10. Imperial Japan
Modernization improved Japan’s military now the strongest in Asia
Japan attacks Korea led to Sino-Japanese War - Japan drove China out of Korea
Change in balance of power in Asia
Russia becomes concerned

11. Imperial Japan (cont)
Russo-Japanese War – fight over control of Manchuria
Japan destroys Russia Pacific and Baltic Fleets, Russia decides to go for peace
Japanese control of Korea
Japanese occupation was brutal and ignored by the rest of the world
Korean nationalist Movement began

12. Chapter 12 Section 3
U.S. Economic
Imperialism

13. Latin America After Independence
Colonial legacy of the peonage system kept landowners wealthy and workers nothing more than slaves
Political instability led by the caudillos or military dictators led to conflict
Caudillos faced little opposition, land owners supported them
Voting rights were also restricted to upper class an wealthy in other governing countries

14. Economies grow under foreign Influence
Imported manufactured goods so no development of industry, exported perishable goods
Mismanagement of investment led to debt to foreign powers
Foreign take over of industries

15. Latin American Empire US concern for security led to the….
Monroe Doctrine – No European powers are allowed to colonize any land in Western Hemisphere
Little effort to enforce until Cuban Independence
Jose Marti led rebellion failed and exiled to US

16. Latin American Empire (cont)
US economic stake in Cuba led to Spanish- American War - Two front war in Philippines and Cuba, Spanish were quickly defeated
Puerto Rico, Guam, and Philippines became US territories
Panama was next focus because of strategic location (Panama Canal)
US provoked revolution and controlled canal building
Roosevelt Corollary – US had right to be police power in Latin America, extension of M. Doctrine

18. Turmoil & Change in Mexico
Chapter 12 Section 4
Turmoil & Change in Mexico

19. Santa Anna & Mexican War
Santa Anna became Latin America’s most powerful caudillo (early 1800’s)
Texas Revolt – Mexico encouraged settlement, settlers wanted self government, Mexican army moved North won several battles
The Alamo
Mexican-American War loss doomed Santa Anna, lost territory

21. Juarez & La Reforma
Juarez reputation of honesty, integrity, hard work fueled his rise to power (mid 1800’s)
La Reforma – separation of church and state, redistribution of land, increased educational opportunities
Continued struggle for control b/t conservatives and liberals
French invasion/occupation slowed reforms

22. Porfirio Diaz and “Order & Stability”
Diaz most powerful caudillo of his time, elections were meaningless, Diaz played favors (late 1800’s)
Followed Juarez with one distinct difference of no liberty
Use of dictatorial powers ensured order, but lef most Mexicans poor and hungry

23. Revolution & Civil War
Francisco Madero began Revolution against Diaz (1910)
Slow start as Pancho Villa in North and Zapata in South
Revolution became very violent and Diaz stepped down, Madero was elected in 1911 but was later assassinated
Victoriano Huerta became president but shortly after he was ousted and Carranza would take power in 1919 to end Civil War after murdering Zapata
Carranza passed revisions to mexico’s constituiton in 1917 – still in use today, reforms in land, workers rights, p.393