2. No one drowns in the Dead Sea A Science ACE Project By: Eric Seow(8) 1P1

3. Contents Facts about the Dead Sea Facts about the Dead Sea Why it is so special Why it is so special Why we can float so easily on the Dead Sea Why we can float so easily on the Dead Sea What exactly is density? What exactly is density? The Dead Sea today The Dead Sea today Will the Dead Sea survive? Will the Dead Sea survive?

4. Where is the Dead Sea?

5. At a glance… Maximum length: 67 km Maximum width: 18 km Maximum width: 18 km Surface area: 810 km 2 Surface area: 810 km 2 Average depth: 118 m Average depth: 118 m Water volume: 147 km 3 Water volume: 147 km 3 Surface elevation: - 422 m Surface elevation: - 422 m

6. The Dead Sea is sinking… In this part of the world, there is a rift forming where two crustal plates are spreading apart In this part of the world, there is a rift forming where two crustal plates are spreading apart The East Rift Valley runs through most of Africa, but it starts north of the Dead Sea and runs south along the eastern side of the continent The East Rift Valley runs through most of Africa, but it starts north of the Dead Sea and runs south along the eastern side of the continent The Dead Sea is located right along the Rift Valley where the earth's crust is being stretched thin The Dead Sea is located right along the Rift Valley where the earth's crust is being stretched thin

7. The Dead Sea is sinking… Where the earth's crust gets thin that part of the surface sinks downward Where the earth's crust gets thin that part of the surface sinks downward The Dead Sea is still sinking lower, even today. Scientists figure that the Dead Sea lowers by as much as 0.3 metre per year The Dead Sea is still sinking lower, even today. Scientists figure that the Dead Sea lowers by as much as 0.3 metre per year

8. Other Strange Facts 'Dead Sea' is a translation from the Hebrew name 'Yam ha Maved' which means 'Killer Sea' 'Dead Sea' is a translation from the Hebrew name 'Yam ha Maved' which means 'Killer Sea' It has some of the most saline water on earth; as much as 35% is dissolved salts! It has some of the most saline water on earth; as much as 35% is dissolved salts! The Dead Sea is completely landlocked and it gets saltier with increasing depth The Dead Sea is completely landlocked and it gets saltier with increasing depth

9. The water in the Dead Sea is deadly to most living things. The water in the Dead Sea is deadly to most living things. There are, however, several types of bacteria and one type of algae. There are, however, several types of bacteria and one type of algae. Fish accidentally swimming into the waters from freshwater streams that feed the Sea are killed instantly Fish accidentally swimming into the waters from freshwater streams that feed the Sea are killed instantly Other Strange Facts

10. The shores of the Sea are covered with white crystals of salt The shores of the Sea are covered with white crystals of salt These are mineral salts, just like you find in the oceans of the world, only in extreme concentrations These are mineral salts, just like you find in the oceans of the world, only in extreme concentrations Other Strange Facts

12. Why we can float on Dead Sea We are stronger than fishes, so the Dead Sea poses no danger to us. We can swim in it. But these people are actually floating in the Sea. How did they do it?

13. The Dead Sea is continually fed water from the rivers but no rivers drain out of the Dead Sea The Dead Sea is continually fed water from the rivers but no rivers drain out of the Dead Sea The only way water gets out of the Sea is through evaporation. This part of the world get plenty hot. When the water evaporates, it leaves behind all the dissolved minerals in the Sea, just making it saltier The only way water gets out of the Sea is through evaporation. This part of the world get plenty hot. When the water evaporates, it leaves behind all the dissolved minerals in the Sea, just making it saltier The Dead Sea is very dense

14. The density of the Dead Sea is very high because of high concentration of dissolved mineral salts The density of the Dead Sea is very high because of high concentration of dissolved mineral salts What this means is our bodies are more buoyant in the Dead Sea - so you bob like a cork What this means is our bodies are more buoyant in the Dead Sea - so you bob like a cork In fact, people are so buoyant in this water, it makes it difficult to swim In fact, people are so buoyant in this water, it makes it difficult to swim

15. Density = What Exactly Is Density? Density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume The SI unit for density is kilogram per cubic metre (kg/m 3)

16. What Exactly Is Density? An object floats when… The density of the object is less than that of the fluidThe density of the object is less than that of the fluid

17. 16 Determining Density Measure the mass of the empty density bottle together with its stopper by using an electronic balanceMeasure the mass of the empty density bottle together with its stopper by using an electronic balance Fill the bottle with the given liquid. Then close the mouth of the bottle with the stopper and carefully wipe dry the outside of the bottleFill the bottle with the given liquid. Then close the mouth of the bottle with the stopper and carefully wipe dry the outside of the bottle Measure the mass of the density bottle againMeasure the mass of the density bottle again

18. 17 Determining Density Calculate the mass of the liquid by subtracting the mass of density bottle from the total mass of density bottle with liquid. Calculate the density of the liquid by dividing the mass by its volume. The volume of liquid equals to the volume of density bottle.

19. 18 The Dead Sea today Many tourists flock to the Black Sea to experience the feeling of floating on waterMany tourists flock to the Black Sea to experience the feeling of floating on water

20. Will the Dead Sea survive? res. The Dead Sea is shrinking, and as it recedes, the fresh water aquifers along the perimeter of the Sea are receding along with it The Dead Sea is shrinking, and as it recedes, the fresh water aquifers along the perimeter of the Sea are receding along with it As this fresh water diffuses into salt deposits beneath the surface, the water slowly dissolves the deposits until the earth above collapses As this fresh water diffuses into salt deposits beneath the surface, the water slowly dissolves the deposits until the earth above collapses More than 1,000 sinkholes have appeared in the past 15 years, swallowing a portion of road, date- palm fields and several buildings More than 1,000 sinkholes have appeared in the past 15 years, swallowing a portion of road, date- palm fields and several buildings Environmental experts believe that hotels along the shore are also in danger Environmental experts believe that hotels along the shore are also in danger

21. References http://www.extremescience.com/zoom/ind ex.php/earth-records/37-dead-sea http://www.extremescience.com/zoom/ind ex.php/earth-records/37-dead-sea http://www.deadsea.co.il/ http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science- nature/deadsea.html#ixzz0kmrMDRhKhttp://www.smithsonianmag.com/science- nature/deadsea.html#ixzz0kmrMDRhK Mrs Chu’s IVLE Lecture Notes On Density And Mass

22. Thank You!