1. Rotifer classification and trophi morphology

2. Rotifer trophi Differentiation of the pharynx
Mastax = Muscular organ containing
Hard elements = trophi

3. Rotifer trophi Uncus (unci) + Manubrium (manubria) = malleus
Ramus (rami) + Fulcrum = Incus
Uncus
Manubrium
Ramus
Fulcrum
Hue University Rotifer Taxonomy workshop 6-12 March 2010

4. Uncus Manubrium Ramus Fulcrum
Hue University Rotifer Taxonomy workshop 6-12 March 2010

5. Classification of the Rotifera
Class Pararotatoria (1 order, 1 family)
Class Eurotatoria (2 subclasses)
Subclass Bdelloidea (4 families)
Subclass Monogononta (2 superorders)
Superorder Pseudotrocha (1 order) (23 families)
Order Ploima 86 (23 families)
o.a. Asplanchnidae, Brachionidae , Dicranophoridae, Lecanidae, Lindiidae, Notommatidae, Synchaetidae, Trichocercidae
Superorder Gnesiotrocha Kutikova, 1970 (2 orders)
Order Flosculariaceae Harring, 1913 (5 families)
Order Collothecaceae Harring, 1913 (2 families)

6. Different types of trophi
Ramate
No fulcrum
Unci teeth numerous, largest teeth central
Manubria soft, ribon-shaped
In Bdelloidea, small-particule feeders (filter feeders, grazers)

7. Different types of trophi
Malleoramate
Fulcrum short
Unci teeth numerous, largest teeth proximal
Manubria soft, with “cells”
In Monogononta, Gnesiotrocha, Flosculariacea, filter-feeders

8. Different types of trophi
Uncinate
Fulcrum short
Few unci teeth, crescent-shaped
Manubria weak
In Monogononta , Gnesiotrocha, Collothecacea, sit-and-wait predators

9. Different types of trophi
Malleate
Fulcrum short
Unci with large number of
teeth, largest teeth proximal
Manubria with shaft
In Monogononta,
Ploima: Brachionidae,
Epiphanidae, Lecanidae,...
filter-feeders

10. Different types of trophi
Cardate
Fulcrum short
1-2 pairs of unci teeth
Manubria with shaft and large ventral apophysis
Trophi commonly with accessory elements (epipharynx,...)
In Monogononta, Ploima: Lindiidae, specialist feeders

11. Different types of trophi
Virgate
Fulcrum elongate
Small number of unci teeth
Manubria with elongate shaft
Rami bent to dorsally
Very variable!
In Monogononta, Ploima:
Notommatidae,
Trichocercidae, ...
Varied food sources (large
particules)

12. Different types of trophi
Forcipate
Fulcrum short
1-2 pairs of unci teeth
Manubria with elongae shaft
Rami + flat
In Monogononta, Ploima:
Dicranophoridae
Predators

13. Different types of trophi
Incudate
Fulcrum short
Unci and manubria trongly reduced
Rami pincer-shaped
In Monogononta, Ploima: Asplanchnidae, predators

14. Different types of trophi
Fulcrate
Elongate fulcrum
Unci reduced, no manubria
Rami with elongate alulae (wings)
In Seisonida

15. Some hard studying ahaid…