1. Bellringer – “Thank You Ma’m” Pick up a blank plot diagram off the back table. Label all 5 parts of the plot diagram. Complete the plot diagram using 1-2 complete sentences for each section of the plot diagram. – Be sure to list a page number that proves your evidence. Failure to do so will result in a loss of points. Refer to the plot diagram notes in the "Reading Notes" section of your notebook to remember what goes in each section of the plot diagram.

2. Objectives SWBAT utilize complex inferences to analyze "Thank You Ma'am" by Langston Hughes. SWBAT analyze character motives and how it relates to theme.

3. Characterization Indirect Characterization Direct Characterization

4. Characterization Characterization is the process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character. Characterization is revealed through direct characterization and indirect characterization.

5. Direct Characterization Direct Characterization tells the audience what the personality of the character is. Example: “The patient boy and quiet girl were both well mannered and did not disobey their mother.” Explanation: The author is directly telling the audience the personality of these two children. The boy is “patient” and the girl is “quiet.”

6. Indirect Characterization Speech - What does the character say? How does the character speak? Thoughts - What is revealed through the character’s private thoughts and feelings? Effect on others toward the character - What is revealed through the character’s effect on other people? How do other characters feel or behave in reaction to the character? Actions - What does the character do? How does the character behave? Looks - What does the character look like? How does the character dress?

7. THEME- WHAT IS IT? A theme is a universal message or truth about life. A theme is the moral or life lesson that the character(s) and/or reader learns. It may give a short lesson about life. “You can’t always get what you want.”

8. THEME- WHAT IS IT? Theme is the central message expressed in a story. A stated theme is expressed directly by the author. An implied theme is suggested, or state indirectly through what happens to the characters. A universal theme, or a recurring theme, is a message about life that is expressed regularly in many different cultures and time periods. The theme is a sentence or phrase, it is NOT a word!!!

9. Introduction to New Material Here are some common themes found in literature: – Good is stronger than evil. – A person grows by facing obstacles. – Enjoy life now because we all die too soon. – Love conquers all. – Treat others the way you want to be treated. The theme is a sentence or phrase, it is not a word!!!

10. THE PROCESS Step 1: Identify the major characters Step 2: Identify the character(s) beginning situation What is the character(s) thinking or doing at the beginning of the story? Step 3: Identify the character(s) end situation What is the character(s) thinking or doing at the end of the story? Step 4: Ask yourselves what the character(s) learn throughout the story Step 5: Match your answer with the multiple-choice answer it fits most closely

11. MS. Casey’s EXAMPLE There once was a lumberjack who stood by the edge of a lake, cutting wood. He was having a tough time with a log, and winging his axe back powerfully to give a good whack, he accidentally let go and his axe plunged into the deep water. Realizing that he’d just lost the main tool of his trade, he sat on the edge of the pool and began to weep. Just then, a water nymph appeared. She asked what was wrong, and the man explained what happened. “Fear not,” she told him. “I will retrieve your axe for you.” With that, she dove into the water, and came back up with a golden axe. When she learned it was not the one he lost, she dove back down, coming up again with a silver axe this time. Again, the man told her that it was not his. On her third try, the nymph retrieved the very same axe the man had lost. Impressed with his honesty, she allowed him to keep all three. When he returned to the lumberyard, he told the other workers what had happened. One less-than-honest man headed down to the lake himself, and intentionally threw his axe in. Then, he sat on the edge of the water and began to cry. When the nymph appeared, he explained his situation. Again, she dove into the water and pulled up a golden axe. “Is this the one you lost?” she asked. “Yes! Yes! That’s it!” the man cried, seizing the prize from her hand. “No it isn’t,” she replied, grabbing it back from him. “And for your dishonesty, you now have no axe at all!” With that, she disappeared.

12. MS. Casey’s EXAMPLE STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Step 2: Characters beginning situation: Step 3: Characters end situation: Step 4: What did the characters learn: Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage?

13. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Lumberjack and a nymph Step 2: Characters beginning situation: Step 3: Characters end situation: Step 4: What did the characters learn: Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage?

14. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Lumberjack and a nymph Step 2: Characters beginning situation: He dropped his axe in the water and was upset. The nymph helped him and gave him three axes for being honest. Step 3: Characters end situation: Step 4: What did the characters learn: Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage?

15. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Lumberjack and a nymph Step 2: Characters beginning situation: He dropped his axe in the water and was upset. The nymph helped him and gave him three axes for being honest. Step 3: Characters end situation: He tells his friends and a dishonest lumberjack goes to the lake. He lies to the nymph and gets no axes because he was dishonest. Step 4: What did the characters learn: Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage?

16. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Lumberjack and a nymph Step 2: Characters beginning situation: He dropped his axe in the water and was upset. The nymph helped him and gave him three axes for being honest. Step 3: Characters end situation: He tells his friends and a dishonest lumberjack goes to the lake. He lies to the nymph and gets no axes because he was dishonest. Step 4: What did the characters learn: If you don’t tell the truth, you probably won’t get what you want. If you’re honest people will usually repay your honesty. Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage?

17. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 4: What did the characters learn: If you don’t tell the truth, you probably won’t get what you want. If you’re honest people will usually repay your honesty. Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? Circle the correct answer choice: a. Love is where you find it. b. Bravery is more honorable than cowardice. c. Loneliness leads to unhappiness. d. Honesty is always the best policy. Provide 2 details from the text to support your answer. 1. ________________________________ 2. ________________________________

18. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 4: What did the characters learn: If you don’t tell the truth, you probably won’t get what you want. If you’re honest people will usually repay your honesty. Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? Circle the correct answer choice: a. Love is where you find it. b. Bravery is more honorable than cowardice. c. Loneliness leads to unhappiness. d. Honesty is always the best policy. Provide 2 details from the text to support your answer. 1. ________________________________ 2. ________________________________

19. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? Circle the correct answer choice: a. Love is where you find it. b. Bravery is more honorable than cowardice. c. Loneliness leads to unhappiness. d. Honesty is always the best policy. Provide 2 details from the text to support your answer. 1. The first lumberjack was honest and received three axes. 2. ________________________________

20. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? Circle the correct answer choice: a. Love is where you find it. b. Bravery is more honorable than cowardice. c. Loneliness leads to unhappiness. d. Honesty is always the best policy. Provide 2 details from the text to support your answer. 1. The first lumberjack was honest and received three axes. 2. The second lumberjack was not honest and didn’t receive back any axes.

21. YOUR TURN- GUIDED PRACTICE #1 The Wind and the Sun were disputing which was the stronger. Suddenly they saw a traveler coming down the road, and the Sun said: "I see a way to decide our dispute. Whichever of us can cause that traveler to take off his cloak shall be regarded as the stronger. You begin." So the Sun retired behind a cloud, and the Wind began to blow as hard as it could upon the traveler. But the harder he blew the more closely did the traveler wrap his cloak round him, till at last the Wind had to give up in despair. Then the Sun came out and shone in all his glory upon the traveler, who soon found it too hot to walk with his cloak on.

22. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Step 2: Characters beginning situation: Step 3: Characters end situation: Step 4: What did the characters learn: Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? YOUR TURN- GUIDED PRACTICE #1

23. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Wind, Sun, Traveler Step 2: Characters beginning situation: Step 3: Characters end situation: Step 4: What did the characters learn: Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? YOUR TURN- GUIDED PRACTICE #1

24. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Wind, Sun, Traveler Step 2: Characters beginning situation: The Wind and the Sun argue over who is the strongest. They decide to hold a contest to see who can get a traveler to take of his cloak first. Step 3: Characters end situation: Step 4: What did the characters learn: Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? YOUR TURN- GUIDED PRACTICE #1

25. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Wind, Sun, Traveler Step 2: Characters beginning situation: The Wind and the Sun argue over who is the strongest. They decide to hold a contest to see who can get a traveler to take of his cloak first. Step 3: Characters end situation: The Sun beats down on the traveler who became too hot to walk and takes off his cloak. Step 4: What did the characters learn: Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? YOUR TURN- GUIDED PRACTICE #1

26. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 1: Major Characters: Wind, Sun, Traveler Step 2: Characters beginning situation: The Wind and the Sun argue over who is the strongest. They decide to hold a contest to see who can get a traveler to take of his cloak first. Step 3: Characters end situation: The Sun beats down on the traveler who became too hot to walk and takes off his cloak. Step 4: What did the characters learn: The Sun was more powerful than both the Wind and the Traveler. Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? YOUR TURN- GUIDED PRACTICE #1

27. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 4: What did the characters learn: The Sun was more powerful than both the Wind and the Traveler. Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? Circle the correct answer choice: a. Nature is more powerful than humans b. Honesty is always the best policy c. Good is stronger than evil d. Enjoy life now because we all die too soon Provide 2 details from the text to support your answer. 1. ________________________________ 2. ________________________________ YOUR TURN- GUIDED PRACTICE #1

28. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 4: What did the characters learn: The Sun was more powerful than both the Wind and the Traveler. Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? Circle the correct answer choice: a. Nature is more powerful than humans b. Honesty is always the best policy c. Good is stronger than evil d. Enjoy life now because we all die too soon Provide 1 detail from the text to support your answer. 1. The Sun won the contest. 2. ________________________________ YOUR TURN- GUIDED PRACTICE #1

29. STEPYOUR ANSWER Step 4: What did the characters learn: The Sun was more powerful than both the Wind and the Traveler. Step 5: Which of the following is the theme of this passage? Circle the correct answer choice: a. Nature is more powerful than humans b. Honesty is always the best policy c. Good is stronger than evil d. Enjoy life now because we all die too soon Provide 1 detail from the text to support your answer. 1. The Sun won the contest. 2. The Sun shown brightly which made the traveler so hot that he was unable to walk until he took off his cloak. YOUR TURN- GUIDED PRACTICE #1

30. Theme for “Thank You Ma’m” Going back to our plot diagram for “Thank You Ma’m” by Langston Hughes, take 4 minutes to write down two possible themes for the story.

31. Characterization Practice

32. Analyzing “Thank You Ma’m”

33. Fictional Character Facebook 1.Select 1 character from "Thank You M'am". (Roger or Mrs. Jones) 2.Who might your character be friends with on Facebook? Illustrate this. 3.Based on the text, what are the likes, hobbies, etc. of your character. Provide page number of text evidence. 4.On the Facebook wall, write from the perspective of the character you selected. You must have: 2 character actions, 2 character thoughts, and 1 direct statement from the character.

34. PRE-AP SECTION

35. Bellringer – HW on top right hand corner of your desk! Capitalization: 1. at dinner last monday, jill spread preppy* peanut butter on her steak. (*represents brand name of peanut butter) Punctuation: 2. Wow Hes already eaten one fourth cup of hot salsa on three chips Parts of Speech: Pronouns: Write the possessive pronouns. 3. A. m__, m_ _ _ D. y_ _ _, y_ _ _ _ G. t_ _ _ _, t _ _ _ _ _ B. h_ _ E. i_ _ H. w _ _ _ _ C. h__, h _ _ _ F. o_ _, o _ _ _ Parts of Speech: Verbs - Tense means time. Write the tense. Present: Aren cooks for his parents. Past: Aren cooked steak and eggs for his parents. Future: Aren will cook brunch next Saturday. 4. A. ___________ He will play polo next weekend. B. ___________ A spitz puppy played with a chew bone. C. ___________ Their neighbor plays the sitar. Sentence Combining: 5. Mack is handing out programs at the band concert. Tamar is also handing out programs at the band concert.

36. Bellringer Answers 1. At dinner last Monday, Jill spread Preppy peanut butter on her steak. 2. Wow! He's already eaten one-fourth cup of hot salsa on three chips! 3. A. my, mine; B. his; C. her,hers; D. your, yours; E. its; F. our, ours; G. their, theirs; H. whose 4. A. future, B. past, C. present 5. Mack and Tamar are handing out programs at the band concert.

37. Objective SWBAT read, analyze, and discuss "The Monkey's Paw."

38. The Monkey’s Paw By W.W. Jacobs

39. Plot Diagram