1. NTSB Board Meeting AA Flight 587 NTSB Board Meeting AA Flight 587 Structures Investigation Brian K. Murphy

2. NTSB Board Meeting AA Flight 587 Certification Requirements (Vertical Stabilizer Loads) lateral gust engine failure Several conditions dictate the development of the aerodynamic loads used to design the vertical stabilizer: The first officer of flight 587 performed a maneuver for which the airplane was not certificated. yawing maneuver

3. NTSB Board Meeting AA Flight 587 Certification The vertical stabilizer was designed and manufactured in accordance with the applicable certification requirements. During the full-scale test, a rear lug fractured in tension at nearly twice the design limit load, as expected. The analysis and testing done during the certification program were valid and complete. The vertical stabilizer was designed and manufactured in accordance with the applicable certification requirements. During the full-scale test, a rear lug fractured in tension at nearly twice the design limit load, as expected. The analysis and testing done during the certification program were valid and complete.

4. Main Attachment Fittings FORWARD UP Rear Lug Clevis Fitting Titanium Bolt

5. NTSB Board Meeting AA Flight 587 Lug Strength Determination The strength of the lug was determined by: finite element analysis progressive failure analysis post accident lug tests The strength of the lug was determined by: finite element analysis progressive failure analysis post accident lug tests

6. Finite Element Analysis of the Lug FWD Highest Stressed Region Highest Stressed Region

7. Progressive Failure Analysis Extensive Damage

8. Lug Tests

9. 0.0 1.0 2.0 Test/Analysis Results Normalized Lug Resultant Force Certification Test Limit Load Ultimate Load Lug Fracture Load Comparison

10. 0.0 1.0 2.0 Test/Analysis Results Normalized Lug Resultant Force Certification Test Limit Load Ultimate Load Lug Test 1 Lug Test 2 Lug Test 3 Lug Fracture Load Comparison

11. 0.0 1.0 2.0 Test/Analysis Results Normalized Lug Resultant Force Certification Test Limit Load Ultimate Load Lug Test 1 Lug Test 2 Lug Test 3 Flight 587 Lug Fracture Load Comparison

12. NTSB Board Meeting AA Flight 587 Structural Analysis Findings The vertical stabilizer was designed in accordance with the applicable certification requirements. The right rear lug fractured at a load above ultimate load, in accordance with its design strength. The vertical stabilizer was designed in accordance with the applicable certification requirements. The right rear lug fractured at a load above ultimate load, in accordance with its design strength.

13. National Transportation Safety Board American Airlines Flight 587 Belle Harbor, New York November 12, 2001 NTSB Board Meeting October 26, 2004 American Airlines Flight 587 Belle Harbor, New York November 12, 2001 NTSB Board Meeting October 26, 2004