1. 1 Cary Kendziora Fermi National Laboratory Cary Kendziora Fermi National Laboratory CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

2. 2 CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012 Development and design of the Argon handling system have been a collaborative effort between Princeton University, Fermilab and UCLA Special Thanks to Hanguo Wang (UCLA)

3. L ike the jelly beans in this jar, the Universe is mostly dark energy and dark matter Only about four percent of the Universe - including the stars, planets and us - is made of familiar atomic matter. DarkSide is an experiment that is in search of Dark Matter CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

4. DarkSide is located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso 130 km East of Roma Inside the Gran Sasso Mountain The mountain is used as shielding for cosmic rays CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

5. Entrance to the Underground Lab CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

6. Dark Side 50 Experiment CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

7. Water Tank 10 m x 11 m CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

8. 4 m Stainless Sphere filled with Liquid Scintillator and PMTs CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

9. The Detector is a Two Phase 50 Kg Liquid Argon TPC CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

10. The two phase argon detector will allow the experiment to measure each event in two ways, by separately detecting the scintillation light and ionization electrons produced by the recoiling nuclei. Pressure and Liquid Level Stability are very Important CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

11. Radon Free Stainless Clean Room on top of Water Tank CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

12. Assembly of Detector inside of the Radon Free Clean Room CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

13. Detector Installation in Cryostat CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

14. Installation of Detector Flexible liquid transfer, signal cable, and vacuum lines CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

15. Insertion of Detector in Veto Sphere CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

16. Veto Sphere Inside of Water Tank

17. Detector in Veto Sphere CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

18. Low Back Ground Argon Liquid Argon has excellent scintillation and ionization properties. Atmospheric Argon contains the 39Ar isotope. Underground argon has been shielded from cosmic radiation and is very low in the isotope. The DarkSide Argon comes from underground. The cost to produce this low background is approx. $50K per Kg CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

19. Underground Low Background Argon Extraction Plant CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

20. Cryogenic Gas Separation System Source Gas is only 5% Argon It requires a fairly complex cryogenic system to purify the argon. CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

21. Final Gas Separation is done by a Cryogenic Distillation Column CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

22. DarkSide Cooling Tower CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

23. DarkSide Liquefaction and Purification System CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

24. Recirculation and Purification System Simplified CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

25. Condenser CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

26. Condenser CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

27. Heat Flux CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

28. CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012 Copper Condenser Assembly

29. Argon Condenser Volume CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

30. Slow Control User Interface CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

31. DarkSide Argon Cooling Tower Used to Liquefy and Purify the Argon CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

32. Stability Test at FermiLab CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

33. Stability of Present Running System (15 min ) CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

34. The Argon is Purified by a Commercial Purifier CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

35. The present DarkSide LAr Purity: > 2 ms Equivalent to 150 part per Trillion (Oxygen) CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

36. Planned improvements to the Argon System Rework the Super Insulation in Transfer Line and Cryostat to lower the heat transfer. CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012

37. 37 Thank You Cary Kendziora Fermi National Laboratory Cary Kendziora Fermi National Laboratory CEC-ICMC 2013 Anchorage Alaska – June, 2012