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Published byDaisy Gallagher Modified over 8 years ago
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“Now and in time to be, Wherever green is worn,
Are changed, changed utterly: A terrible beauty is born.” ~W.B. Yeats Easter Rising April 1916
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Forces and causes Easter Rising Rise of cultural nationalism;
Spread of literacy, vote, support WWI; “England’s difficulty is Ireland’s opportunity” Collection of passionate, experienced, organized leaders Frustrations with Home Rule Mvmt and constitutional methods Easter Rising Poverty sparks labor organization; Dublin Lockout of 1913 Rebirth of IRB; birth of other more militant nationalist orgs. Unionist resistance/power* & UVF inspire birth of IVF & ICA
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Easter Uprising Heir to previous uprisings: 1641, 1798, 1848, 1867
“Critical mass” moment: Cultural nationalism/renaissance frustration with peaceful methods rise of militants & orgs capable leaders perceived weakness of Empire labor unrest = “ripe moment”
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WWI really changes the game.
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WWI… Suspended the execution of the approved Home Rule bill
Split nationalist armies (ICA and IVF) over their support of the British in the war effort Prove trustworthy for self-gov’t? Die for an Empire that didn’t consider you equal
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The soldiers involved IVF + ICA soldiers Poorly equipped
Decently trained
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Cumann na nBan Cumann na nBan = “The Irishwomen’s Council”
Auxiliary force of IVF of women volunteers Messengers, nurses, providers, even sharp shooters
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6 days of violence Targets taken easily; then, defended
British* response slow at first Smoked out rebels at GPO Heavy civilian casualties and destruction of property 30 April 1916: Pearse agrees to “unconditional surrender”
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Padraig (Patrick) Pearse
Leaders of the Rising Padraig (Patrick) Pearse Leader of Rising; read Proclamation Teacher, poet, political activist The “voice” of the Rising Executed May 3rd 1916 Thomas Clarke Strategic leader of Rising Long-time IRB member and top man in IVF Member of Clan na Gael Spent a lot of life in jail Executed May 3rd 1916 James Connolly Leader of ICA Socialist; labor organizer Believed even a failed uprising would “reawaken the soul of the nation” Shot; strapped to chair, executed May 12th 1916
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Leaders of the Rising: Thomas MacDonagh Joseph Plunkett Sean
Mac Diarmada
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A full list, Kilmainham Gaol:
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Dublin damaged
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Aftermath 15 leaders executed @ Kilmainham
Public sympathy for rebels, hostility for British* Seeds sown of political violence for the next century Michael Collins, Eamon de Valera, other survivors inspired to continue fight…
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Commemorations Considered a KEY turning point in the mvmt for independence* Murals, events, and invocations keep the memory of the “brave few” alive as mythic heroes in the fight for full freedom
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