1. A.EZHILARASAN(PGDTD) SPG-V,NTTF.
CRYOGENIC GRINDING
A.EZHILARASAN(PGDTD)
SPG-V,NTTF.

3. INTRODUCTION
Cryogenic grinding, also known as freezer milling, freezer grinding, and cryomilling, is the act of cooling or chilling a material and then reducing it into a small particle size.
 thermoplastics are difficult to grind to small particle sizes at ambient temperatures because they soften, adhere in lumpy masses and clog screens. When chilled by dry ice, liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen,

4. When chilled by dry ice, liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen, the thermoplastics can be finely ground to powders suitable for electrostatic spraying and other powder processes

5. FREEZER MILLING
Freezer Milling is a type of cryogenic milling that uses a solenoid to mill samples. The solenoid moves the grinding media back and forth inside the vial grinding the sample down to analytical fineness.
This type of milling is especially useful in milling temperature sensitive samples, as samples are milled at liquid nitrogen temperatures.

6. The idea behind using a solenoid is that the only "moving part" in the system is the grinding media inside the vial.
The reason for this is that at liquid nitrogen temperatures (-198C) any moving part will come under huge stress leading to potentially poor reliability.
Cryogenic milling using a solenoid has been used for over 50 years and has been proved to be a very reliable method of processing temperature sensitive samples in the laboratory.

7. FREEZER MILLING

8. CRYOMILLING Cryo milling is a variation of mechanical milling.
in which metallic powders or other samples (e.g.temperature sensitive samples and samples with volatile components) are milled in a cryogen (usually liquid nitrogen or liquid argon) slurry or at cryogenics temperature under processing parameters.

9. so a nanostructured microstructure is attained
so a nanostructured microstructure is attained. Cryomilling takes advantage of both the cryogenic temperatures and conventional mechanical milling.
The extremely low milling temperature suppresses recovery and recrystallization and leads to finer grain structures and more rapid grain refinement.
The embrittlement of the sample makes even elastic and soft samples grindable.

10. Final finenesses of below 5 µm can be achieved
 Final finenesses of below 5 µm can be achieved. The ground material can be analyzed by a laboratory analyzer.

11. APPLICATION Temperature sensitive materials. Organic materials.
Leather.
Rubber.
Organic materials.

12. Disadvantages of Existing Grinding System
The heat is developed inside the grinding mill
High energy consumption
Fire Risk
High capacity motors are required to grind the material
No control on particle size

13. Advantages of cryogenic Grinding System
Temperature below 0 0C inside the grinding mill
Low energy consumption
No Fire Risk
Low capacity motors are required to grind the material
Particle size under control .

14. Cryogenic Grinding System

15. Cryogenic Grinding System
The material is feed into a feeder hopper and dropped into a conveyor when the material to be processed enters the pre-chilled conveyor.
liquid nitrogen is sprayed and blended directly onto the material. The material is conveyed via a stainless steel special design auger.
The auger not only transports the grinding media, but also mixes with liquid nitrogen for greater cooling efficiencies.

16. The liquid nitrogen, a cryogenic fluid with a boiling temperature of –196 0C absorbs heat from the material and vaporized to a gaseous state. 
Liquid nitrogen is added until the temperature of the material is reduced to a predetermined set point. 
This set point is the glass transition temperature of the material finally the brittle material enters an impact (pin) mill where it is ground to a desired particle size.
Computer controls the entire process of cryogenic grinding system.

17. REFERENCES
  c1386.htm Cryogenic Grinding
  yII_H2/9_deledda_0106.pdf

18. THANK YOU!!