1. Introduction: Association between Helicobacter Pylori (HP) chronic infection and migraine has been studied but the results are controversial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of HP eradication during a 1-year follow-up in a population of patients affected by migraine without aura. Method: 80 consecutive HP infected patients affected by migraine without aura were enrolled in the study. Patients in 2 groups were randomly assigned using 2 different regimens; Group A: migraine treatment and a 14-day triple therapy for HP infection and Group B: migraine treatment without HP eradication. The pain duration, headache severity and the frequency of clinical headache attacks were calculated upon enrollment in the study and at 6 months and 12 months after treatment. Iranian Congress of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2013 (ICGH-2013) Poster Number : W-F-24 Helicobacter pylori eradication and migraine: A Case-Control Study with one year follow-up Seyedamir Banikarim 1, Mounes Moshtaghi 2, Batool Emadi 1, Mohammadreza Seyyedmajidi* 3, Alireza Maghsoodloo 4, Gholamreza Roshandel 1 1- Researcher, Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gorgan, Iran 2- Medical Student, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran 3- Assistant Professor, Subspecialist in Gastroenterology, Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gorgan, Iran 4- Assistant Professor, Neurologist, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Email: mrsmajidi55@yahoo.com Results: In group A, HP infection was eradicated in 34 of 40 patients (85%). There were significant decreases in severity and frequency (but not in duration) of the migraine attacks at 6 months (p<0.001) and a significant decrease in intensity, frequency and duration of the migraine attacks at 12 months after HP treatment in eradicated patients (p<0.001). (Table 1 to 3) Conclusion: HP might be examined in migrainous patients and eradication treatment may be beneficial for the treatment of the disease. Table 1: Severity of migraine attacks upon enrollment in the study, at 6 and 12 months after treatment, Severity is scored from 1 to 3: 1= mild, 2= moderate, 3= severe (throbbing and accompanied nausea and vomiting) Times Eradicated patients (n=34) Non-eradicated and control patients (n=46) P. value upon enrollment in the study 2.1 ± 0.82.0 ± 0.8 0.495 At 6 months after treatment 1.1 ± 0.41.7 ± 0.6 < 0.001 At 12 months after treatment 0.9 ± 0.41.8 ± 0.7< 0.001 Table 3: Frequency (days per month) of migraine attacks assessed upon enrollment in the study, at 6 months and 12 months after treatment Times Eradicated patients (n=34) Non-eradicated and control patients (n=46) P. value upon enrollment in the study 8.3 ± 1.18.1 ± 1.30.459 At 6 months after treatment 6.1 ± 1.27.9 ± 1.5< 0.001 At 12 months after treatment 4.5 ± 0.97.4 ± 1.2< 0.001 Table 2: Duration (hours) of migraine attacks assessed upon enrollment in the study, at 6 months and 12 months after treatment Times Eradicated patients (n=34) Non-eradicated and control patients (n=46) P. value upon enrollment in the study 16.1 ± 5.615.0 ± 4.90.353 At 6 months after treatment 13.4 ± 5.214.6 ± 5.10.169 At 12 months after treatment 10.2 ± 4.715.4 ± 5.2< 0.001