1. PROMOTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN SOUTH AFRICAN SCHOOLS
A long term sustainability plan to unemployment, poverty and inequality
By Ernest Boateng, Chief Operations Officer – South African Institute for Entrepreneurship
African Renaissance Conference May 2016
23 May 2016

2. Areas Covered South Africa’s key challenges Education Profile
Unemployment Profile
Entrepreneurship Education
South Africa’s State of Entrepreneurship
A worldwide phenomenon
Entrepreneurship Education in SA Schools
South African Institute for Entrepreneurship Approach
Concluding Thoughts

3. South Africa’s key challenges…
With the a population is 54,96 million1
And 54% of population ( 27m people) living in poverty
Youth in South Africa contribute around 36% to the total population
Source –(figures)Stats SA, Mid-year population estimates (Statistical release P0302)
- (picture)

4. A closer look… y kk

5. Too few jobs… The unemployment profile
Unemployment rate estimated at 26.7% by March 2016
A projected unemployment rate reveals that the rate will remain relatively unchanged between 24%-25%
Youth unemployment is estimated at 54.5%
economics.com

6. Unemployment in future years..

7. Unemployment by level of education

8. Why high unemployment rate?
Challenges facing education
Fast growing population
High inflation rate – 6.2%
High interest rate – 7%
Low investment drive
Low GDP growth rate – 0.6%
Job-shedding by formal employment sector
Low propensity towards entrepreneurship

9. The Education Factor Three top reasons for drop out rate
“Of every 100 pupils that start school, only 50 will make it to Grade 12, 40 will pass, and only 12 will qualify for university”  Nicholas Spaull,
(Education researcher, Stellenbosch University Economics Department)*
Three top reasons for drop out rate
No tuition fees available
Education is useless/ not interesting
Family commitments
Source –General Household Survey (GHS) 2014 Report – Focus on schooling, pg 23,
- *Nicollas Spaul, South Africa’s Education Crisis: The quality of education in South Africa

10. The education factor

11. Results… About 54.5% youth unemployment, critical in rural areas
Unprepared or unskilled job seekers
About 33% households receive main income from welfare
Necessity/Reluctant/Needs-Based
Food on the table tonight
Would take a job if can get one

12. National Development Plan
Eradicating poverty
Reducing inequality
Growing the economy by an average of 5.4%
Reducing unemployment rate to 6% by 2030

13. State of Entrepreneurship in SA
SA has low level of entrepreneurial activity
It is lagging behind other developing countries in the area of entrepreneurship
41% of adult population perceives entrepreneurship as an opportunity
45% of adult population perceives having the skills to start businesses.
Sub-Saharan Africa have perception of an average above 60% for the same measures
Source- Global Entreprenuership Montitor 2015 report, World Economic Forum

14. SA’s entrepreneurial ecosystem
SA ecosystem positively progressive but still not a sufficient entrepreneurial ecosystem
Majority of SA’s entrepreneurial conditions remains insufficient as most values are below 4.5
Basic-school entrepreneurial education and training being one of the weakest conditions
Entrepreneurial conditions are assessed on a scale of 1=highly insufficient to 9=highly sufficient
South Africa
Source-Nation Expert Survey Measures 2015, GEM 2015 report, World Economic Forum

15. Addressing the Entrepreneurship Challenge!
We need a dynamic culture of entrepreneurship in South Africa that promotes entrepreneurial behaviour and the creation of self employment opportunities
Solution = Entrepreneurship Education in Schools

16. Current Educational Realities – Classroom World
Traditional classroom delivery is predominately theoretical knowledge.
Talk and chalk teaching style.
Poor teacher prestige and recognition resulting in low teacher moral.
Little or no exposure to entrepreneurship experiential learning.
No spirit of enterprise and entrepreneurship among learners and teachers at all levels.
Current curriculum doesn’t include much of the related entrepreneurial training programmes: 20% – 30%.
Performance is based on assessments and marks driven.

17. Education as it should be…
REAL WORLD
INNOVATION
TECHNOLOGY
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
PROBLEM-SOLVING ORIENTED

18. How do we attain a dynamic culture of entrepreneurship in SA?
Introduce entrepreneurship at the early school age of learners’ education across all learning areas
Adopt 21st century methods and tools to develop appropriate learning environment for encouraging creativity, innovation and ability to ‘think out of the box’ to solve problems.
Curriculum-aligned materials with innovative teaching and learning techniques/tools
Develop entrepreneurial skills and mind-sets in educators as well as learners.

19. The Entrepreneurial Educational Impact
Traditional Classroom Delivery
Entrepreneurship Culture in the Classroom
Entrepreneurial Learner
Creative, Critical thinker, Resourceful, Opportunity seeker
Entrepreneurial skills
Entrepreneurial mind-set
Interactive experiential learning
Performance Learner
Passive, knowledgeable, Non risk takers, Accepts status quo
Outcome based attitude
Marks driven
Theoretical knowledge VS
Learner develops life skill to navigate and change current SA market realities
Learner develops survival skills to adapt in current SA market realities
SA’s Market Reality = High youth unemployment, Technology New Age, Extreme Inequality, Social Exclusion, High crime level, Poverty, Unstable jobs, Slow economic growth, Low entrepreneurial activity , Labour skills imbalance

20. Can Entrepreneurship be Taught?
Natural-Born Entrepreneurs
Socially prepared Entrepreneurs
Educationally prepared Entrepreneurs

21. Entrepreneurship in Schools – Global Lessons
Belgium
Denmark
An Action Plan for Entrepreneurship Education was launched
The objective was towards entrepreneurship and self- employment
A strategy for education and training in entrepreneurship (2009) was developed
It describes an active investment in entrepreneurship training at educational institutions.
Source: -Entrepreneurship Education at School in Europe National Strategies, Curricula and Learning Outcomes, March 2012, Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency

22. And more lessons …
Norway
Sweden
The 1st strategic plan for entrepreneurship in education and training ran from 2004 to 2008.
An action plan was implemented – Entrepreneurship in Education and Training –and made compulsory in schools to higher education from
The main objective is to strengthen the quality and scope of entrepreneurship education and training at all levels and areas of the education system.
A Budget Bill 2009 was made, for the teaching of entrepreneurship to be an integrated theme throughout the education system.
In May 2009, the Government presented its strategy for entrepreneurship in the field of education,
The strategy was aimed at encouraging the integration of entrepreneurship into all levels of education are described.
Source: -Entrepreneurship Education at School in Europe National Strategies, Curricula and Learning Outcomes, March 2012, Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency

23. South African Institute for Entrepreneurship Approach
Developing entrepreneurial skills
Provide simulation based experiential learning environment
Unlocking the Entrepreneurial mind set
SAIE has a unique element embedded in every learning tool, activity and process:
OUR KEY Entrepreneurial drivers
14 E-drivers
14 E-drivers
For all learners to behave entrepreneurially
14 E-drivers

24. Key Entrepreneurial Drivers
Working as a team
Key Entrepreneurial Drivers
A sense of adventure
A sense of wonder
Taking initiative and risk
Questioning
Looking for
opportunities
Thinking flexibly
Tapping into interest
Thinking resourcefully
Thinking critically
A sense of determination
Thinking creatively
Thinking independently

25. South African Institute for Entrepreneurship Approach
What we do…
Develop simulation based innovative materials
Apply creative methodology
Provide educator entrepreneur training
Promote entrepreneurial learning activities
Provide learner support
KEY ENTREPRENERIAL DRIVERS

26. SAIE Reach - School Entrepreneurship Programme

27. Our achievements in the past year

28. Our achievements in the past year

29. Schools Entrepreneurship Survey – 1121 Learner Responses

30. Concluding Thoughts
Entrepreneurship is key to addressing SA challenges and closer to achieving NDP 2030 Goals
There needs to be a focus on encouraging entrepreneurship in schools and building a strong entrepreneurship ecosystem.
Collaboration among key role players - Government, Business, Schools, Educators, Learners, NGO’s, Communities – is critical to achieving targeted milestones.

31. “Building a culture of entrepreneurship in schools requires a fundamental rethinking of educational systems, both formal and informal, as well as the way in which teachers or educators are trained, how examination systems function and the way in which rewards, recognition and incentives are given”
Source: World Economic Forum, Educating the Next Wave of Entrepreneurs, Executive Summary, A Report of the Global Education Initiative, pg 9

32. Ernest Boateng ernest@entrepreneurship.co.za 074 401 6247
Thank you
Ernest Boateng