1. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

2. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

3. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction C H H C C H H H C O OC O O P OH Inositol OH O O

4. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction C H H C C H H H C O OC O O P O OH O O Phosphatidylinositol Reservoir of arachidonic acid Intracellular signaling

5. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction C H H C C H H H C O OC O O P O OH Inositol P O OH O O P Inositol 4,5,bisphosphate

6. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

7. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction C O O C O O C H H C C H H H P Choline Phospholipase A1 Phospholipase A2 Pancreatic juice Snake and bee venoms Phospholipase C Liver lysosomes ɑ toxin of clostridia Signal transduction Phospholipase D Signal transduction

8. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction C H H C C H H H C O O C O O P OH P P P P P C H H C C H H H C O O C O O OH PIP2 DAG IP3

9. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction β β αq αq αq αq γ γ GDP αq αq αq αq GTP Phospholipase C

10. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction β β γ γ Phospholipase C αq αq αq αq GTP

11. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction β β γ γ αq αq αq αq Phospholipase C DAG IP3 GTP αq αq αq αq GDP

12. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction Phospholipase C Endoplasmic reticulum Protein kinase C P ATP ADP Ca++ DAGIP3

13. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

14. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

15. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction Calmodulin Ca++

16. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction Ca++ Calmodulin Ca++ Product Substrate

17. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

18. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

19. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books

20. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

21. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction β β α α γ γ GDP αs αs αs αs GTP

22. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction β β γ γ αs αs αs αs GTP

23. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

24. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction β β α α γ γ GDP αs αs αs αs GTP

25. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction β β αs αs αs αs GTP γ γ γ γ

26. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

27. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

28. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction LigandIon IP3Ca++ K+ cAMP, cGMPNa+, K+, Ca++ AchNa+

29. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

30. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction NH2 COOH Tyrosine kinase domain

31. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction NH2 COOH NH2 COOH NH2 COOH NH2 COOH

32. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction NH2 COOH NH2 COOH Tyr P PP P

33. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction NH2 COOH NH2 COOH NH2 COOH NH2 COOH

34. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction NH2 COOH NH2 COOH P PP P Adaptor protein Enzyme activity Gene transcription Cell growth

35. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction

36. Dr Fatahiya Kashif Signal transduction cAMP signalingIP3 DAG signalingRTK signaling TypesGs, GiGq1.MAP kinase 2.JAK STAT SignalGlucagon β-adrenergics ɑ2-adrenergics Muscarinic cholinergic α1-adrenergic Insulin Growth hormone ReceptorGPCR Receptor tyrosine kinases G-proteinGs, GiGqNot present EnzymeAdenylyl cyclasePhospholipase CIRS, adaptor proteins Second messengerscAMPIP3, DAG, Ca++Phosphorylated proteins Other substratescAMP dependent protein kinase A Protein kinase CTranscription factors