1. The Nixon Administration Chapter 24 Section 1

2. Conservatism Nixon gets elected in 1968; wants to bring back conservatism to U.S. New Federalism- lessen federal influence in social issues, distribute to state & local –Begins revenue sharing, allowing state & local to spend federal $$ however they want

3. Welfare Reform Welfare system ineffective; creates new program, Family Assistance Plan (FAP) –Family of 4 gets $1,600/yr. w/ supplemental income –Unemployed would be put in job training Approved by House, but rejected by Senate

4. Dismantling To appease a Democratic Congress, Nixon increased Social Security, Medicare & Medicaid Takes away $$ from HUD, Job Corps, Office of Economic Opportunity –Withheld $15 million, denying social programs –Abusing Presidential power (impoundment)

5. Law & Order Nixon de-escalates Americans in Vietnam Tries to restore order to protests, riots, etc. –The “silent majority”- wants order restored Used FBI, CIA, IRS (sometimes illegally) to create an enemies list –Left-wing people who opposed govt. ideas

6. Southern Strategy Nixon looks to Southern Democrats (conservatives) for re-election. Fights against segregation, tries to slow integration of schools –Violates Brown vs. Board; has to back off Pushed against Voting Rights Act ’65 –Congress supports act

7. Busing To integrate city schools, students were bused from inner-city to suburban schools (vice-versa) –Public outcry in Boston & Detroit Supreme Court liberal; 4 retire, Nixon fills spots w/ conservatives –Still agree on busing issue

9. Stagflation Economic condition- high inflation, high unemployment –Inflation from Vietnam & federal social programs –Unemployment from new labor market (women & baby boomers)

10. OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries- oil cartel (Middle East) U.S. heavy dependency on oil; U.S. supports Israel in Yom Kippur War 1973 –OPEC cuts off oil supply until 1974 –Price had quadrupled; makes inflation worse Attempts to combat stagflation failed

11. OPEC countries

12. Foreign Policy #1 priority: Vietnam Improve relations with China & U.S.S.R. Henry Kissinger (foreign advisor) promotes realpolitik- “political realism” –Based on consideration of power, not moral principles –Don’t confront a country unless its powerful enough to matter.

13. Easing relations Détente- Nixon-Kissinger policy to ease Cold War tensions –Nixon visits Communist China The visit signifies a new era; negotiations open up trade and eased tensions in the Pacific China & Soviets broke relations; have China on our side

14. Nixon in China

15. Relations with the Soviets Nixon visits Moscow; 1 st president to do so Agree on SALT I (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) Treaty –5 year agreement limiting ballistic missiles Nixon’s success w/ both visits & the end of Vietnam in sight get Nixon reelected 1972

16. Nixon in Moscow