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2.  What the Basis system is  How does SAP handle a transaction request  Differentiating between the various work processes  Understanding the basic functions of the Basis Module SAP Technical Overview www.magnifictraining.com

3. SAP Technical Overview The Software-Oriented View of R/3

4. SAP Technical Overview The SAP R/3 System Architecture Implications for Application Programming –Separate presentation and application layers implies that when you run an application program that requires user interaction, control of the program is continually passed backwards and forwards between layers. –When a screen is ready for user input, the presentation layer is active, and the application server is inactive with regard to that particular program. –As a consequence, the program logic in an application program that occurs between two screens is known as a DIALOG STEP.

5. SAP Technical Overview

6.  Application Layer (cont.)  Application Server  R/3 programs run on application servers  The APPLICATION SERVER communicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using a MESSAGE SERVER.  Main components:  Work Processes (Dialog, Update, Enqueue, Batch, Spool)  Dispatcher  Gateway  Message Server SAP Technical Overview The SAP R/3 System Architecture

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8. SAP Technical Overview Presentation... Internet Application Database Communication SAPGUI InternetOffice Work-process Work-process Work-process Dispatcher TCP/IP Remote SQL IPCIPC Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects,ABAP-Objects www.magnifictraining.com

9.  Program which manages resources of the R/3 applications  Receives requests from user and passes them to the corresponding work processes  Only one dispatcher per application server SAP Technical Overview www.magnifictraining.com

10.  Balances the workload between the processes  Buffer management in main memory  Connection with the presentation level  Organization of the communication processes SAP Technical Overview www.magnifictraining.com

11.  Responsible for executing R/3 application tasks SAP Technical Overview Database Interface Task Handler ABAP/4 Processor Dialog Interpreter Work Process www.magnifictraining.com

12. SAP Technical Overview Dialog D SAP Dispatcher Batch Spool Update Enqueue S 12 9 6 3 11 1 75 84 210 B M G Message Gateway R/2 R/3 V E

13. Dialog D Responsible for the interactive tasks of the R/3 system Dialog work processes execute only one dialog step at a time and are immediately freed for the next user request Constantly switching between users

14. SAP Technical Overview Responsible for executing ABAP programs submitted for background execution Batch jobs schedule the sequence of program execution Used for running long and time consuming programs Batch 12 9 6 3 11 1 75 84 210 B

15. SAP Technical Overview Responsible for formatting the data for printing and passing it to the host spool system Only one spool work process allowed per server Spool www.magnifictraining.com

16. SAP Technical Overview Responsible for the lock management system Synchronizes database access for the multiple application servers and work processes Only one enqueue process per R/3 system to ensure data integrity Enqueue E www.magnifictraining.com

17. SAP Technical Overview Responsible for making database changes requested by dialog and background processes For better performance, this process should be on the database server Update V www.magnifictraining.com

18. SAP Technical Overview Time-critical processes are inside V1 and less critical ones within V2 Error situations in –V1 : changes rolled back and V2 components not executed –V2 : only changes of V2 components rolled back Update V www.magnifictraining.com

19. SAP Technical Overview Used by different application servers to exchange data and internal messages Routes messages, such as update or batch job starts, between application servers One message server per system M Message www.magnifictraining.com

20. SAP Technical Overview Allows communication between R/3, R/2, and external applications Exchanges large amounts of information between application servers Gateway can reside on any of the connected systems G Gateway R/2 R/3 www.magnifictraining.com

21.  Number of work processes can only be changed after restarting the system  Should have at least two dialog work processes  Need to have at least one V1 and V2 processes  Number of spool processes cannot be changed SAP Technical Overview www.magnifictraining.com

22. SAP Technical Overview Presentation... Internet Application Database Communication SAPGUI InternetOffice Work-process Work-process Work-process Dispatcher TCP/I P Remote SQL IPCIPC Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects,ABAP-Objects

23. SAP Technical Overview TCP/I P Presentation... Internet Application Database Communication SAPGUI Work-process Work-process Work-process Dispatcher Remote SQL IPCIPC Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects,ABAP-Objects StartTransaction Assign User request to Workprocess Workprocess Fetch data from buffer/database Re-turndatafor next nextstep 1 2 3 4 5

24. SAP Technical Overview Presentation... Internet Application Database Communication SAPGUI Work-process Work-process Work-process Dispatcher TCP/IP Remote SQL IPCIPC Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects,ABAP-Objects 1 2 3 5 6 8 Fetch data from buffer/database 9 7 10 Assign User request to Workprocess Re-turndatafor next nextstep

25. SAP Technical Overview Presentation... Internet Application Database Communication SAPGUI Work-process Work-process Work-process Dispatcher TCP/IP Remote SQL IPCIPC Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects,ABAP-Objects 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 7 10 11 12 13 14 Update data on database End transaction Request for update

26. SAP Technical Overview High Level Low level Communication Interface Communication System Mail MAPI SMTP X.400 EDI Business API RFC CPI-C Q-API IDOC ALE OLE

27. SAP Technical Overview Business Component BAPI ALE BAPI Business Component Business Component - contains business functionality BAPI - interface between the components ALE - integration of components www.magnifictraining.com

28. SAP Technical Overview Defined method of a business object Standardized methods allow customers to integrate their software with R/3 Object-oriented in nature BAPIs from all development platforms that support the SAP Remote Function Call (RFC) protocol www.magnifictraining.com

29. SAP Technical Overview Application Link Enabled (ALE) - Interface that links different SAP systems and external application systems –Transport special data structures known as IDOCS (Intermediate Documents) Object Linking and Enabled (OLE) - enables desktop users to access SAP data from many OLE client programs www.magnifictraining.com

30.  Hardware and Database Administration  User and Security Administration  Client Maintenance  Correction and Transport System (CTS)  Data Dictionary  Online Service System (OSS)  Performance Monitoring and Tuning SAP Technical Overview www.magnifictraining.com

31.  Hardware upgrades - adding memory or servers  Database backup and recovery  Database optimization  Disaster Recovery SAP Technical Overview www.magnifictraining.com

32.  Create users and assign profiles  Modify, lock and unlock users  Develop authorizations and profiles SAP Technical Overview www.magnifictraining.com

33.  Create clients  Copy and refresh clients  Client imports and exports  Delete and remove clients  Modify change options SAP Technical Overview www.magnifictraining.com

34. SAP Technical Overview R/3 System Development ProductionQuality Assurance Change Request Moving changes from one R/3 system to another www.magnifictraining.com

35.  OSS is a set of SAP’s online services such as bug fixes and useful implementation information  OSS Notes  Hotpacks  Remote Connections  Send questions to SAP  ABAP registration SAP Technical Overview

36.  Check database usage and storage capabilities  Dialog response time  Investigate ABAP short dumps  Optimize performance characteristics SAP Technical Overview www.magnifictraining.com

37. SAP Technical Overview Manages the entire system - database, application, operating system Collection of tools and utilities which allow you to monitor and manage the R/3 system Allows monitoring of multiple R/3 systems Comes FREE with each SAP system

38. SAP Technical Overview Starting and stopping instances Monitoring and analyzing workload Alert capabilities Operation modes and work process automatic reconfiguration Instance profile checking and maintenance Logon load balancing

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