1. Update on general technology From DOM electronics to KM3NeT subsea infra structure Interaction with other scientific projects Interaction with industries Innovation erichn@nikhef.nl Eric Heine

2. Technical progress 3 inch Photomultiplier with good timing developed by ETEL and Hamamatsu Delivery in March 2011 Concentrator ring Increase of Photocathode area by 20-40% Ring makes holding PMTs simpler ECAP KVI Nikhef

3. HV generation Nikhef 31 X 4.5 mW = 140 mW compared to 31 X >50 mW > 1.55 W by commercially available -state of the art- PMT power supplies 13 stages Total Vmax 1400 V ASIC for signal conditioning

4. Central Logic board Generic: All I/O 3V3, 2V5, 1V8 or LVDS. Preferred I/O 2V5 POWER Board 3D COMPASS HMC5843 Nano Beacon Piezo Sensor CDR R-EAM driver PIN R-EAM I2CI2C 625Mbps 1Gbps 10 - 14V 1V8, 2V5, 3V3, 5V, Client Voltages Control PMT control PMT LVDS signals Octopus Board Mezzanine Boards 3D G-sensor ADXL345 512 Mbit Flash Mem. EPM2210 CPLD for FPGA Config. SPI ADC AD7688 3” PMTs 1..12 PMT control PMT LVDS signals Octopus Board 3” PMTs 1..19 Optical Network Sensors: -Temperature? -Voltage? -Water? Hydro- phone Control DAQ I2CI2C POWER Network CEA INFN Nikhef NOA

5. Investigation to simplify the readout using a development for LHCb at CERN CEA Timing measurements TDC embedded in FPGA Dedicated as ASIC “SCOTT” Nikhef

6. Large system clock The ultimate goal: End-Node Timing aware Ethernet switches and End-Nodes i.e. normal switches / nodes with some extra hardware to facilitate synchronous Ethernet and Precision Timing Protocol (PTP: IEEE1588) Primary Reference Clock (GPS) CPU Farm CEA INFN Nikhef

7. Nijmegen December 16-17, 2010Nikhef Annual Scientific meeting Distribute the clock Averaging all clock edges “mean phase” Synchronization “The adjustment of two electronic circuits or devices in terms of frequency” Reference Clock Master SFP Slave Rx SFP Tx Rx SFP Slave Rx SFP Tx Rx   High Precision Low jitter High Precision Low jitter Ordinary serial data communication channels Ordinary serial data communication channels! CEA INFN Nikhef Technology enabling strategy. Knowledge shared with the “White Rabbit”project at CERN.

8. Photonic Read-out Shore Station OFM DOM JB Nikhef CIP-UK CW + slow control Data Latency calculation

9. Photonica PON (Passive Optical Network) New: Submarine nodes High bandwidth Low power Wavelength independent (“colourless”) Enabling Technology used in geo-physics sensor nets (Shell) or large detector networks (CERN) CW + subsea modulation broadcast signal downstream Subsea multiplication point to point upstream latency measurements Unique approach Down stream Up stream Nikhef INFN

10. 4 5 6 7 4 1 1 5 7 2 3 7 8 3 4 5 6 8 5 4 3 2 8 1 36 8 7. 8. A. B. 4 2 3 1 3 4 5 6 7 2 1 2 3 6 8 1 4 2 6 7 8 1 3 4. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 5 6 7 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 1 8 1. 2. 3. 5. 6. 9. C. 0. 2 3 8 4 6 8 4 5 6 1 2 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 5 7 4 5 JB 104 103 Floor plan Building block (1/3 of KM3NeT): 104Dus 14SJBs (incl. EMSO node) 1 PJB 2.3 km 2 floor area Industrial contacts; Alcatel PBF JDR Draka Hydrogroup Seacon ODI

11. Connector / feedthrough innovation Companies provide bulkhead connectors and penetrators with O-ring technology at large price 2 examples; -tapered feedthrough -shielded wet mateable connection ODI Standard wetmateable connector Hydrogroup Penetrator

12. Feedthrough Feeadthrough into sphere has to carry several conductors and a fibre and has to withstand 600 Bar ( 60 MPa ). Nikhef developed technology – tapered plug 16 Optical Fibers Silicon Seal Glass Epoxy Plate Conical Plug Test flange Hera pressure vessel Tested to 60 MPa -- success Also through glass Nikhef

13. > connectors Hybrid: “WetMate” Industrial Project (1MW) with EDF, COMEX and Subseatech (1.8M€) End 2012 CPPM

14. Deployment several designs NEMO-INFN NIOZ - Nikhef MECABAR-CPPM, INFN Antares LOM Lesson learned rope and cable management unfolding procedures material choices buoyancy calculation models risk analysis important step wise design Sea procedures

15. > Top drift @ 30 cm/s~120 m Total buoyancy~10 kN Ropes4 x4 mm OD Cable2 x 6.35 mm OD Dead weigth3600 kg in air INFN, CPPM, Nikhef Cable storage Buoyancy DOM Package6 x 2.5 x 2.5 m

16. Vertical Cable Cable runs the length of the structure (~900 m) This provides a hydrodynamic drag →have to keep diameter as small as possible Traditional cables: Ø 2-3 cm New development: Pressure Balanced Oil Filled cable Ø 0.6 cm Two conductors and 12 fibres Test Cable with testing connectors filled with oil: no problems Works at 0.6 MPa internal overpressure and at 60 MPa environment Nikhef

17. Galvanic separation between Cable and DOM Requires DC/DC converter in vertical cable i.e. In oil at 60 MPa Efficiency > 90% for loads between 7 W and 20 W at 60 MPa (8 weeks @ 15 W) Present estimate 380V 12V Galvanic barrier fuse Principle: Nikhef Breakout Box outer shell Fiber storage DC/DC converter

18. DOM tower

19. 27-3-2011, ETEL