1. Understanding the Skill Requirements Effective Management: Define critical requirements of works Transfer knowledge & skills

2. Quality: Variation minimization – How to make one million products that has the same level of quality: smartphones Job analysis – Standardization of operations – Transfer knowledge – 半導體晶圓廠擴廠 – MacDonald’s university

3. Job Classification All works is a mix of – Specific skills – Tasks – Accumulated knowledge – Ability to make appropriate decisions

4. Service & Technical Jobs vs Manufacturing Jobs Toyota has – Assembly lines – Production control people running computers – Maintenance people service all equipment – Product designer design new cars

5. The frequency of job repetition is different The nature and characteristics of job is quite similar

6. Framework for classifying jobs – Task variety How many different Types of Tasks does the Job required? – Tightening a bolt – Entering data into a CAD systems – Task analyzability Specify the content of task Sequencing the tasks

8. Routine work, clearly specified Roles Responsibility Work procedures Detailed daily time schedules – Perform the job mindlessly OR – Kaizen through accumulated know-how & coaching

9. Technician work Perform a variety of tasks Sequence can vary depending on situation Individual task can be prespecified with cookbook-like instructions Accumulated know-how needed to solve real problems

10. Craft work Definable number of different tasks required Situation faced is also different Teamwork and communications Accumulated know-how

11. – Nonroutine work Fundamental skills needed Take complex data to make complex decision

12. Developing exceptional people in different types of jobs

16. Skill requirement

17. Fundamental skills – Applicable to all job situation – Routine and repetitive – Nonroutine and repeated in a random sequence – First learned off-line if possible

18. Ancillary tasks – Secondary & supportive in nature – Not necessarily needed to perform core tasks Ex: car maintenance by mechanics Knowledge of policies & use of judgement – Ex: traffic signs – Safety for self and others

19. Accumulated know-how – Enable self to know instinctively what to do Driving at night Country road Winter conditions

20. Skills needed for skilled driving