1. Example 5-1 Situation : A small water distillation plant is to be built for a remote coastal outpost on a shallow marine bay and having no access to fresh water. It is planned that ethylene will be used as fuel for the plant. Question(s) : Assuming 90% efficiency, how much seawater at 20 oC can be converted to steam at 100 oC by each cubic meter of C 2 H 4 gas burned?

2. Example 5-2 Situation : It is often helpful when assessing the stavility of various chemical compounds to know the oxidation states in which the atoms comprising those compounds exist. Question(s) : Determine the oxidation states of the atoms of the following compounds of sulfur : (a)Na 2 SO 4 ; (b)FeSO 4 ; (c)H 2 SO 4 ; (d)H 2 SO 3 ; (e)H 2 S.

3. Example 5-3 Situation : An application of the interrelationships shown in Figure 5-1 for characterization of the pH domains of natural freshwater systems. Question(s) : Demonstrate how the pH values of CO2-driven, CO2-CO32—balanced, and CO32- -driven systems pictured in Figure 5-1 can be determined by analysis of the information presented. Based on the results of this demonstration, what dominant range of pH would be predicted for most natural aquatic systems?

4. Example 5-4 Situation : We wish to determine the solubility of Fe(II) as a function of pH in an aqueous carbonate system, in a manner similar to that presented in Figures 5-2 and 5-3 but have information on the solubility constants for only Fe 2 + with respect to Fe(OH) 2 (s) and FeCO 3 (s). Question(s) : Calculate solubility constants for the {Fe(OH)}+ species of soluble iron with respect to each of the two solid phases involved: (a)ferrous hydroxide and (b)ferrous carbonate.