1. 10 COMMON ORDERS OF CLASS AVES Scientists use morphological evidence & blood proteins, chromosomes & DNA to classify birds beaks, feet, plumage(feathers), bone structure & musculature are examples of morphological evidence About 10,000 species divided into 23 orders

2. 1.) ORDER ANSERIFORMES “waterfowl” *swans *geese *ducks

3. Aka waterfowl Found worldwide (ww) Feed on variety of aquatic & terrestrial foods (small inverts, fish & grass) Webbed feet Flattened bill ANSERIFORMES

4. 2.) ORDER STRIGIFORMES owls

5. STRIGIFORMES Owls Nocturnal Sharp, curved beak & sharp talons w/claws Large forward facing eyes for improved night vision Keen sense of hearing because they are nocturnal Found worldwide

6. 3.) ORDER APODIFORMES Hummingbirds Swifts

7. APODIFORMES Hummingbirds, swifts Small, fast flying with tiny feet Hummingbirds eat some insects but mostly nectar Swifts found worldwide Hummingbirds found only in Western Hemisphere

8. 4.) ORDER PSITTACIFORMES Parrots Parakeets Macaws Cockatoos Cockatiels

9. PSITTACIFORMES Parrots & relatives Most live in tropics Strong, hooked beak for opening seeds & slicing fruits Have 2 toes that point forward & 2 that point backwards for perching & climbing Vocal birds Many gather in flocks

10. 5.) ORDER PICIFORMES “tree-dwellers” Woodpeckers Honeyguides Toucan

11. PICIFORMES Diverse tree dwellers Nest in tree cavities 2 forward & 2 rear facing toes Found throughout the world except Australia Diverse diet is reflected in bill diversity Ex: woodpecker has sharp beak to drill holes but toucan feeds on fruit plucked with long bill

12. 6.) ORDER PASSERIFORMES “perching birds” “songbirds” Crows Robins Warblers Blue jays Wrens Etc…… most of the familiar North American birds belong to this order

13. PASSERIFORMES Contains more than ½ total # of bird species Includes most familiar North American birds Aka perching birds Rear toe is enlarged & flexible for gripping branch Aka songbirds because males produce long, elaborate songs Sing to warn away other males & attract females Syrinx-produces song Crows are the largest passerines

14. 7.) ORDER COLUMBIFORMES Pigeons Doves

15. COLUMBIFORMES Globally distributed Usually are plump-breasted with a relatively small head; short necks, legs & beaks; short, slender bills Most feed on fruit or grains BOTH sexes produce crop milk Usually lay a clutch of 2 eggs that hatch after 2 weeks of incubation Extinct member is the Dodo

16. 8.) ORDER CICONIIFORMES Herons Storks Ibises Egrets

17. CICONIIFORMES Herons, storks, ibises, egrets Are mainly wading birds & feed on fish, frogs & other small prey in shallow water Have long, flexible neck, long legs & long bill

18. 9.) ORDER GALLIFORMES “fowl” Turkeys Pheasants Chicken Quails Grouse

19. Galliformes Aka fowl Terrestrial birds Usually plump-bodied & many have limited flying ability All have strong gizzards for grinding Eat large amounts of grain Some fowl are an important part of the human diet

20. 10.) ORDER STRUTHIONIFORMES Ostriches Rheas Emus Cassowaries

21. STRUTHIONIFORMES Contains world’s largest birds Ostrich-largest bird – Africa Emu-2 nd largest bird – Australia Cannot fly-specialized as high speed runners Each large foot has only TWO toes Reduction in toes is common in running animals Rhea = South American version of an Ostrich Cassowaries –most colorful bird in the order – Black body with blue head==New Guinea

22. 11. Order Falconiformes Falcons, condors, buzzards, hawks, vultures, osprey, kestrel

23. Falconiformes group of about 290 species of birds that comprises the diurnal birds of preyspeciesbirdsdiurnalbirds of prey have strong legs and feet with raptorial claws and an opposable hind claw.raptorialclaws Almost all are carnivorous, hunting by sight during the day or at twilightcarnivorous are exceptionally long-lived, and most have low reproductive rates.reproductive

24. ORDER SPHENISCIFORMES PENGUINS

25. SPHENISCIFORMES restricted to the Southern Hemisphere where they are oceanic or coastal Dive well and use their flippers to swim underwater in pursuit of prey items: anchovies, cuttlefish, squid, and krill. Predators of penguins include: humans, Leopard seals, Killer whales, sharks Considered monogamous and individuals often nest at the same nest site as the previous year

26. Order Phoenicopteriformes Flamingos

27. Phoenicopteriformes Flamingos often stand on one leg, the other tucked beneath the body Recent research indicates that standing on one leg may allow the birds to conserve more body heat, given that they spend a significant amount of time wading in cold water. Sometimes classified in Ciconiiformes Very social Live in colonies After the chicks hatch, the only parental expense is feeding with crop milk produced by male and females