1. GPS Denial – Causes and Solutions Neil Gerein

2. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary Moving, or gathering data, you need to know where you are 2

3. GNSS has become the gold standard for PNT, but denial is an issue

4. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary Signal blockage can deny GNSS 4

5. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary SPAN: GNSS + INS 5 GNSS solution Drifting INS solution True path SPAN solution Satellite line-of-sight

6. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary Signal blockage can deny GNSS 6

7. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary SPAN GNSS + INS to mitigate against signal blockage 7

8. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary Spoofing attacks can deny your true location 8 Desired route Spoofed route Spoofed signal

9. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary Encrypted ranging codes protect against spoofers 9 Source: www.navipedia.net

10. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary You can’t spoof inertial measurements 10

11. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary RF interference can significantly degrade GNSS 11 100 kW 100 W 1 kW 10 kW 10 W 10 mW 100 mW 1 W Jammer Power (W)

12. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary A 10W jammer can deny GNSS for almost 50km 12

13. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary Null forming to change the antenna pattern 13

14. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary 40dB of jamming mitigation can significantly improve range of operations 14 100 kW 100 W 1 kW 10 kW 10 W 10 mW 100 mW 1 W Jammer Power (W)

15. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary 40dB protection - can now navigate within 100’s of meters 15

16. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary Full constellation failure is extremely unlikely 16 Photo source: “Gravity” – Warner Brothers

17. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary 17 Electronic support – are you being jammed or spoofed? GPS L1 spectrum plot Jamming denies the GPS signal

18. NovAtel Inc. Proprietary Mitigating against GNSS denial – the technology exists Anti-jammingAttitudeHeading PositioningRelative Positioning 18 Timing

19. NovAtel: Positioning Solved – Anytime, Anywhere