1. Reading a Ruler Foundations of Tech

2. Background – World Wide Two main systems of measurement  Metric System Based on the number 10  U.S. Customary System Based on halving or doubling units

3. Background – World Wide What countries besides the U.S. have not adopted the metric system?  All countries have adopted the metric system, including the United States. However, in nearly all countries people still use traditional units. For a country to switch to metric is a process that happens over time. Only 3 countries in the world, have not officially adopted metric as their primary system of measuring.

4. Background – World Wide Three countries have not officially adopted the International System of Units as their primary or sole system of measurement: Liberia, Myanmar, and the United States. United States Myanmar (formly known as Burma) Liberia (Settled by free-men and former enslaved blacks after America’s Civil war.

5. Background – United States The U. S. has switched to Metric with  Sporting Events - Olympics  Military  Medicine  Scientific studies

6. Background – United States At this time, Manufacturing; Transportation; and Construction Industries; are primarily using the U.S. Customary system. In certain sectors, the conversion is obvious (i.e. – Automobiles). However, in these industry areas the changes have not been as complete. This is the reasoning for studying both measurement systems used in the United States.

7. The distance is representing a full inch. 01

8. The full inch is divided into two sections. The number of sections determines the denominator. Notice the line height. 01 2 1

9. Each half inch section is divided into two sections. Notice the line height. It’s getting smaller. Remember the number of sections determines the denominator. What will the denominator be for the new lines? 01 2 1

10. Each half inch section is divided into two sections. Notice the line height. It’s getting smaller. The denominator is 4 because of the 4 sections created by the new lines. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3

11. Each forth inch section is divided into two sections. Notice the line height. It’s getting smaller. The denominator is 8 because of the 8 sections created by the new lines. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7

12. Each eighth inch section is divided into two sections. Notice the line height. It’s getting smaller. The denominator is 16 because of the 16 sections created by the new lines. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7 16 1 3 5 7 9 11 16 13 16 15

13. You now know all the fractions on a common school ruler. But how can you tell the fractions just by look at the line heights? 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7 16 1 3 5 7 9 11 16 13 16 15

14. PAY CLOSE ATTENTION NOW You can tell what the fraction is for each line by covering the lines up. 01

15. PAY CLOSE ATTENTION NOW Cover the lines up. 01

16. PAY CLOSE ATTENTION NOW NOW expose the first set of lines. HOW many sections are created? 01

17. 2 sections. That tells me the denominator 01 2

18. Count by odd numbers for the numerator. 01 2 1 Remember the 2 sections. That tells me the denominator.

19. Expose the next set of lines. The number of sections created tells me the denominator. 01 2 1 4 4

20. Count by odd numbers for the numerators. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3

21. Expose the next set of lines. The number of sections created tells me the denominator. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8888

22. Count by odd numbers for the numerators. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7

23. Expose the next set of lines. The number of sections created tells me the denominator. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7 16

24. Count by odd numbers for the numerators. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7 16 1 3 5 7 9 11 16 13 16 15

25. You try it. Expose the first set of lines. 01

26. What is the denominator? 01

27. The denominator is 2. Now what is the numerator? 01 2

28. The numerator is 1. It’s the first odd number. Now try the next set of lines. 01 2 1

29. The denominator will be 4. The numerators will be 1 and 3. Count by odd numbers. 01 2 1

30. The denominator will be 4. The numerators will be 1 and 3. Count by odd numbers. Now expose the next set of lines. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3

31. What will denominator be? The numerators will be? Remember, count by odd numbers. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3

32. The denominator will be 8. And the numerators will be 1,3,5 and 7. Now expose the last set of lines. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7

33. What will denominator be? The numerators will be? Remember, count by odd numbers. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7

34. The denominator will be 16? The numerators will be? 1,3,5,7,9,11,13 and 15. Remember, you count by odd numbers. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7 16 1 3 5 7 9 11 16 13 16 15

35. Why do we count by odd number? Remember math class and reducing fractions. We only have odd number in the numerators because an even number could be reduced. 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7 16 1 3 5 7 9 11 16 13 16 15

36. 16 2 All the red fractions can be reduced. Do you see any patterns? 01 2 1 4 1 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7 16 1 3 5 7 9 11 16 13 16 15 16 4 6 8 10 16 12 16 14

37. Take the Measuring Test Level 1