1. Earth’s Energy and Mineral Resources
Chapter 5 Earth Science
Earth’s Energy and Mineral Resources

2. Words to Know – Section 1 Nonrenewable Energy Sources
fossil fuel
coal
oil
natural gas
reserve
nuclear energy

3. nonrenewable energy resource, such as oil and coal, formed over millions of years from the remains of dead plants and other organisms
fossil fuel

4. sedimentary rock formed from decayed plant material; the world’s most abundant fossil fuel
coal

5. liquid fossil fuel formed from marine organisms that is burned to obtain energy and used in the manufacture of plastics
oil

6. fossil fuel formed from marine organisms that is often found in tilted or folded rock layers and is used for heating and cooking
natural gas

7. amount of fossil fuel that can be extracted from Earth at a profit using current technology
reserve

8. alternative energy source that is based on atomic fission
nuclear energy

9. Words to Know – Section 2 Renewable Energy Resources
solar energy
wind farm
hydroelectric energy
geothermal energy
biomass energy

10. energy from the Sun that is clean, inexhaustible, and can be transformed into electricity by solar cells
solar energy

11. area where many windmills use wind to generate electricity
wind farm

12. electricity produced by water-power using large dams in a river
hydroelectric energy

13. inexhaustible energy resource that uses hot magma or hot, dry rocks from below Earth’s surface to generate electricity
geothermal energy

14. renewable energy derived from burning organic materials such as wood and alcohol
biomass energy

15. Words to Know – Section 3 Mineral Resources
ore
recycling

16. resources from which metals are obtained
mineral resource

17. deposit in which a mineral exists in large enough amounts to be mined at a profit
ore

18. conservation method in which old materials are processed to make new ones
recycling