1. Starter You will each be given a slip of paper. Some of you will have a keyword on your paper and others will have a definition. You have 5 minutes to match the definition with the correct keyword. Once your have paired up with someone, between you, decide whether your support option would be suitable for a small or large organisation. Be prepared to justify your answers…

2. INFO 3: Use of ICT In The Digital World Topic 12: Managing Resources (Internal and External Resources) Electronic Chapter: 15

3. Objectives Understand that resources have to be managed Understand that there are many external resources that organisations have to manage, by focusing on some of the external resources and examining their advantages/disadvantages

4. Assessment Objectives (Outcome) Grade E/D Standard: Be able to list down examples of external resources that have to be managed. Achieve more than 40% of the exam style question. Grade C/B Standard: Be able to describe the purpose of different external resources and explain the importance of why these need to be managed. Achieve 60% or more of the exam style question. Grade A Standard: Be able to research and describe examples of different external resources and services, by explaining what they are, giving examples of where they are used, what details might be documented, and their advantages/disadvantages. Achieve 80% or more in the exam style questions.

5. Exam Practice A company called “Hope” suggested that all ICT be outsourced and referred to a Service Level Agreement (SLA). Describe the purpose of an SLA and state what could be included in a typical SLA. (6 marks, June 2012) 3 2 1 I don’t feel confident to be able to answer the question(s) yet OR complete the skill at present I feel I am able to partly answer the question(s) at present OR can partly complete the skill at present I am confident in answering the question(s) and would gain full marks OR I can complete the skill fully and teach others

6. Introduction… Companies do not have expertise in ICT to recruit staff with technical ICT skills – therefore, companies often leave certain tasks involved in development and the running of ICT systems to external organisations, who have considerable expertise. Can you think of any other benefits of using external organisations, other than expertise?

7. External Organisation Benefit? Organisations can concentrate on their core business activities! Payroll and billing is example whereby organisations pay other external companies to provide one or more services.

8. Resources Every organisation has many resources these resources need to be managed. Why? Activity 1: In pairs, come up with a list of resources that you think are involved in the development/running/maintenance of ICT systems. (3 mins)

9. Examples of Resources Hardware Software Communications People Consumables e.g. Ink cartridges, stationary etc Facilities and power Note* Many resources are internal to an organisation. E.g. Employees, buildings, hardware etc. as they are OWNED by the organisation. Organisations also make use of resources that are external, e.g. IT professionals working under a contract through an agency. Here at Bilborough, the payroll function is carried out by an external agency.

10. Market Place Learning Stage 1 – Preparation. Each group is to read the resource material provided and convert what is learned it into a brainstorm poster. Stage 2 – Market. Stall holder (nominated by the teacher) stays with poster, to explain their poster to all visiting researchers. All researchers are to find other information and make notes at each market stall. Stage 3 – Teaching. The researchers are to teach the stallholder and the others what they have found out. Stage 4 – Quiz. By now you should all know everything on today’s topic and should be ready for the test 10 min

11. Quiz 1.What is outsourcing? 2.What is offshoring? 3.With outsourcing, who is responsible for the success of a business function? Third party organisation or the actual organisation itself? 4.List three advantages of outsourcing. 5.List three disadvantages of outsourcing.

12. Quiz 6. Provide two examples of what business functions that are outsourced. 7. List three advantages of offshoring. 8. List three disadvantages of offshoring. 9. Which country is the preferred country to offshore? 10. Name another country that organisations offshore to? 11. List three examples of businesses offshoring.

13. Quiz Answers 1.What is outsourcing? 2.What is offshoring? 3.With outsourcing, who is responsible for the success of a business function? Third party organisation or the actual organisation itself? 4.List three advantages of outsourcing. 5.List three disadvantages of outsourcing. Where organisations contract out a business function to a third party organisation over a period of time. Third Party. See next slide. Where organisations outsource some of all of their ICT facilities offshore

14. Quiz 6. Provide two examples of what business functions that are outsourced. 7. List three advantages of offshoring. 8. List three disadvantages of offshoring. 9. Which country is the preferred country to offshore? 10. Name another country that organisations offshore to? 11. List three examples of businesses offshoring. See next slide. Network Management, Website Development, Data Warehousing, Project Management India. China, South Africa, Ireland. BT, HSBC, Vodafone etc. See next slide.

15. Outsourcing Advantages… Enables an organisation to: - –Concentrate on what they do best, which is their core activity. –Save money on business costs, by setting up a suitable contract with the third party organisation –Be more flexible and manage to growth effectively. –Gain access to outside expertise and technologies, making effective use of knowledge and technical resources.

16. Outsourcing Disadvantages… ICT people could loose their jobs if an organisation decides to outsource. The quality of the outsourced service might not be as high as when the ICT was done in-house The organisation has no control over the people employed by the outsourcer. Privacy can be compromised of the data held.

17. Offshoring can also refer to the situation where part of the ICT facilities are relocated to another country – e.g. Help desks. Advantages of Offshoring: –Lower costs: wages are lower in countries where ICT work is undertaken. –Qualified people: Other countries often have a surplus of qualified people. –Employment: provides well paid employment for people in other countries. Disdvantages of Offshoring: –Language problems: misinterpretation of words when English is not a first language. –Taking advantages of lower paid workers: many people think its immoral to exploit low pay in other countries.

18. Activity: Offshoring/Outsourcing Activity – Offshoring and Outsourcing both require the setting up of a Service Level Agreement (SLA). Research an SLA and describe it including what information it should contain. (5 minutes)

19. Service Level Agreement A service level agreement is a contract that is made between a company obtaining a service and the company providing the service. It specifies the following information… –Nature –scope –quality of the service that is to be provided –duration of agreement –cost of service –average time to respond to a call-out

20. Exam Practice A company called “Hope” suggested that all ICT be outsourced and referred to a Service Level Agreement (SLA). Describe the purpose of an SLA and state what could be included in a typical SLA. (6 marks, June 2012) 3 2 1 I don’t feel confident to be able to answer the question(s) yet OR complete the skill at present I feel I am able to partly answer the question(s) at present OR can partly complete the skill at present I am confident in answering the question(s) and would gain full marks OR I can complete the skill fully and teach others

21. Summary: Sum up the following…

22. Assessment Objectives (Outcome) Grade E/D Standard: Be able to list down examples of external resources that have to be managed. Achieve more than 40% of the exam style question. Grade C/B Standard: Be able to describe the purpose of different external resources and explain the importance of why these need to be managed. Achieve 60% or more of the exam style question. Grade A Standard: Be able to research and describe examples of different external resources and services, by explaining what they are, giving examples of where they are used, what details might be documented, and their advantages/disadvantages. Achieve 80% or more in the exam style questions.

23. Objectives Understand that resources have to be managed Understand that there are many external resources that organisations have to manage, by focusing on some of the external resources and examining their advantages/disadvantages

24. Lesson Tasks… Open the task sheet “Topic 12: Managing Resources (Internal and External Resources)” task sheet from Moodle. Work through all the tasks independently.

25. Homework Revision of objectives learned this lesson. Do some research on the topics of the next lesson by coming to the lesson with some ideas and PREPARED NOTES already (Topic 12: Managing Internal and External Resources. Prepare notes of the following to bring to your next INFO 3 lesson… 1.Bulk Printing 2.Contracting 3.What information is outlined in a contract? 4.Leasing? 5.Advantages/Disadvantages of Bulk Printing? 6.Advantages/Disadvantages of Leasing?