1.  Maria Tecla Artemesia Montessori Mia Sasfai Montessori Method of Education

2. Background  Maria Tecla Artemesia Montessori  Born August 31, 1870 to a loving, supportive mother and a loving father that was not as willing to follow along with his daughters choices.  In her early school years, her schoolwork was not anything to boast about, however, she did have good behavior and was awarded “lavori donneschi” (women’s work).

3. Background  At the age of 13, Montessori entered a secondary, technical school, Regia Scuola Tecnica Michelangelo Buonarroti, where she studied the basics.. At the age of 16, she continued at the technical institute Regio Istituto Tecnico Leonardo da Vinci where she did well in the sciences and especially in mathematics.  Upon receiving a degree in engineering, she had decided to study medicine instead, an even more unusual prospect for women at the time.  Earning her diploma di licenza in 1892. This degree, along with additional studies in Italian and Latin, qualified her for entrance into the medical program at the University in 1893.

4. Accomplishments  From 1896 to 1901, Montessori became interested in “phrenasthenic” children- otherwise known as children with mental retardation, illness or disability.  She gained a reputation as an advocate for women's rights and education for mentally disabled children.  Nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize a total of six times for her contributions toward Peace and Education

5. Maria Montessori

6. Theory Information  Maria Montessori believe that young children learned and developed best through experience instead of being given proper instruction. She developed this theory with six different ideas:  Independence  Observation  Following the Child  Correcting the Child  Prepared Environment  Absorbent Mind

7. Basic Points  Independence  “Never help a child with a task at which he feels he can succeed.” – Maria Montessori.  Montessori always believed that in education we should give children their independence and let them do things for themselves.  By doing things for themselves, children learn self-belief and self-confidence.

8. Basic Points  Observation  Observing children is the easiest way teachers and parents learn about their children; how they explore their environment and learn new things.  Teachers and parents can learn about how children learn and what they are most interested in by observing.

9. Basic Points  Following The Child  The aim of the children who persevere in their work with an object is certainly not to “learn”; they are drawn to it by the needs of their inner life, which must be recognized and developed by its means.” – Maria Montessori  Following the child also means being non-directive, do not tell them what to do all the time. Give your child the freedom to choose what he wants or needs to do and to act on his own.  Also, stand back and watch the child what he does, there is no need to intervene all the time unless he has become really destructive and about to hurt himself or others.

10. Basic Points  Correcting The Child  This is an opportunity to ask the child to do some valid, real-world work with you. There is no need to point out a child’s mistake, there is a way to make them realize it calmly.  If they mispronounce a word, there is no need to correct them, but rather say the word correctly.  Giving the children freedom and choice, supporting them in their choice by making sure they are safe, feeding their minds in a way that they can understand and observing their needs and fulfilling these can be the key to helping your children develop their full potential.

11. Basic Points  Prepared Environment  “The teacher’s first duty is to watch over the environment, and this takes precedence over all the rest. It’s influence is indirect, but unless it be well done there will be no effective and permanent results of any kind, physical, intellectual or spiritual.” – Maria Montessori.  Rooms are child sized with similar activities as adults. The environment should be set up ready and inviting for the children to being working.  Montessori refers to work as an activity the child does or what many people might call play. The adult’s role then is to construct the environment in which they will learn.

12. Basic Points  Absorbent Mind  Montessori observed how children learned the language without anyone teaching them. It is important that the environment set up is positive since this is what the child will absorb whether he chooses to or not.  The language of the adult is one that a child will easily pick up. It is for this reason that one should not try to say “No” to a child. We do not want them saying “No” to us rudely. Instead, we say “Stop” when we want to tell children that what they are doing is wrong.