1. Chapter 3 Standardized Test Prep Preview Multiple Choice Short Response Extended Response

2. Multiple Choice 1. Which of the following is not a function of polysaccharides? A. energy source B. energy storage C. structural support D. storage of genetic information Standardized Test Prep Chapter 3

3. Multiple Choice, continued 1. Which of the following is not a function of polysaccharides? A. energy source B. energy storage C. structural support D. storage of genetic information Standardized Test Prep Chapter 3

4. Multiple Choice, continued 2. Which of the following statements is false? F. A wax is a lipid. G. Starch is a lipid. H. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature. J. Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. Standardized Test Prep Chapter 3

5. Multiple Choice, continued 2. Which of the following statements is false? F. A wax is a lipid. G. Starch is a lipid. H. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature. J. Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. Standardized Test Prep Chapter 3

6. Multiple Choice, continued 3. Which of the following molecules stores hereditary information? A. ATP B. DNA C. protein D. carbohydrates Standardized Test Prep Chapter 3

7. Multiple Choice, continued 3. Which of the following molecules stores hereditary information? A. ATP B. DNA C. protein D. carbohydrates Standardized Test Prep Chapter 3

8. Multiple Choice, continued 4. What is the name of the molecule in plants that stores sugars? F. starch G. protein H. cellulose J. glycogen Standardized Test Prep Chapter 3

9. Multiple Choice, continued 4. What is the name of the molecule in plants that stores sugars? F. starch G. protein H. cellulose J. glycogen Standardized Test Prep Chapter 3

10. Multiple Choice, continued 5. Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane? A. waxes B. steroids C. fatty acids D. phospholipids Chapter 3 The figure below illustrates the basic structure of a cell membrane. Use the figure to answer the questions that follow. Standardized Test Prep

11. Multiple Choice, continued 5. Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane? A. waxes B. steroids C. fatty acids D. phospholipids Chapter 3 The figure below illustrates the basic structure of a cell membrane. Use the figure to answer the questions that follow. Standardized Test Prep

12. Multiple Choice, continued 6. The “tails” of the molecules in the figure orient away from water. Which of the following describes the tail’s movement away from water? F. polar G. adhesive H. hydrophilic J. hydrophobic Chapter 3 The figure below illustrates the basic structure of a cell membrane. Use the figure to answer the questions that follow. Standardized Test Prep

13. Multiple Choice, continued 6. The “tails” of the molecules in the figure orient away from water. Which of the following describes the tail’s movement away from water? F. polar G. adhesive H. hydrophilic J. hydrophobic Chapter 3 The figure below illustrates the basic structure of a cell membrane. Use the figure to answer the questions that follow. Standardized Test Prep

14. Multiple Choice, continued 7. simple sugars : carbohydrates :: amino acids : A. lipids B. proteins C. nucleic acids D. amino acids Chapter 3 Standardized Test Prep

15. Multiple Choice, continued 7. simple sugars : carbohydrates :: amino acids : A. lipids B. proteins C. nucleic acids D. amino acids Chapter 3 Standardized Test Prep

16. Multiple Choice, continued 8. What is the name of the functional group circled in the structural formula? F. amino G. hydroxyl H. phosphate J. carboxyl Chapter 3 The figure below represents the structural formula of a molecule. Use the figure to answer the question that follows. Standardized Test Prep

17. Multiple Choice, continued 8. What is the name of the functional group circled in the structural formula? F. amino G. hydroxyl H. phosphate J. carboxyl Chapter 3 The figure below represents the structural formula of a molecule. Use the figure to answer the question that follows. Standardized Test Prep

18. Short Response Proteins are affected by environmental conditions such as heat and pH. Explain why the process of cooking an egg cannot be reversed. Chapter 3 Standardized Test Prep

19. Short Response, continued Proteins are affected by environmental conditions such as heat and pH. Explain why the process of cooking an egg cannot be reversed. Answer: The heat that is added to the egg changes the bonds in the proteins and other molecules that make up the egg to such a large extent that the original protein shape can no longer be distinguished. Chapter 3 Standardized Test Prep

20. Extended Response Enzymes are essential for the functioning of all cells. Part A Explain what enzymes do that is essential for cell function. Part B Explain the induced fit model of enzyme action. Chapter 3 Standardized Test Prep

21. Extended Response, continued Answer: Part A Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions that are involved in important cell processes. Part B Bonding of the substrates to enzymes causes a slight change in the enzyme’s shape, thereby weakening some of the bonds and lowering activation energy. Chapter 3 Standardized Test Prep